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【329888】9.2 二次根式的加法与减法

时间:2025-02-07 09:22:40 作者: 字数:1750字



9.2 二次根式的加法与减法


【学习目标】

  1. 经历二次根式的加减运算法则的形成过程,感悟类比思想,了解二次根式加减运算法则。

  2. 会利用二次根式的加减运算法则进行计算,掌握二次根式加减运算的基本技能。

【知识准备】

  1. 同类项:_____________________;合并同类项:_______________________.

  2. 最简二次根式:____________________________

  3. 积的算术平方根与商的算术平方根的性质:___________________________.

【自学提示】

预习课本第120页的内容,完成下列知识:

同类二次根式:________________________________________________

二次根式的加减法则:_____________________________________________

【问题积累】

我遇到的障碍是:____________________________________________________

【共同释疑】

化简 <a href="/tags/43/" title="加法" class="c1" target="_blank">加法</a> <a href="/tags/52/" title="减法" class="c1" target="_blank">减法</a> <a href="/tags/896/" title="根式" class="c1" target="_blank">根式</a> <a href="/tags/43/" title="加法" class="c1" target="_blank">加法</a> <a href="/tags/52/" title="减法" class="c1" target="_blank">减法</a> <a href="/tags/896/" title="根式" class="c1" target="_blank">根式</a>


3 <a href="/tags/43/" title="加法" class="c1" target="_blank">加法</a> <a href="/tags/52/" title="减法" class="c1" target="_blank">减法</a> <a href="/tags/896/" title="根式" class="c1" target="_blank">根式</a> 4 <a href="/tags/43/" title="加法" class="c1" target="_blank">加法</a> <a href="/tags/52/" title="减法" class="c1" target="_blank">减法</a> <a href="/tags/896/" title="根式" class="c1" target="_blank">根式</a> 的相同点:____________,像这样的最简二次根式叫同类二次根式,可以将它们像合并同类项一样,把系数加以合并。

对应练习

将下列二次根式化成最简二次根式,找出同类二次根式:

 <a href="/tags/43/" title="加法" class="c1" target="_blank">加法</a> <a href="/tags/52/" title="减法" class="c1" target="_blank">减法</a> <a href="/tags/896/" title="根式" class="c1" target="_blank">根式</a>  <a href="/tags/43/" title="加法" class="c1" target="_blank">加法</a> <a href="/tags/52/" title="减法" class="c1" target="_blank">减法</a> <a href="/tags/896/" title="根式" class="c1" target="_blank">根式</a> <a href="/tags/43/" title="加法" class="c1" target="_blank">加法</a> <a href="/tags/52/" title="减法" class="c1" target="_blank">减法</a> <a href="/tags/896/" title="根式" class="c1" target="_blank">根式</a> <a href="/tags/43/" title="加法" class="c1" target="_blank">加法</a> <a href="/tags/52/" title="减法" class="c1" target="_blank">减法</a> <a href="/tags/896/" title="根式" class="c1" target="_blank">根式</a> <a href="/tags/43/" title="加法" class="c1" target="_blank">加法</a> <a href="/tags/52/" title="减法" class="c1" target="_blank">减法</a> <a href="/tags/896/" title="根式" class="c1" target="_blank">根式</a>



学习例1.计算:

1 <a href="/tags/43/" title="加法" class="c1" target="_blank">加法</a> <a href="/tags/52/" title="减法" class="c1" target="_blank">减法</a> <a href="/tags/896/" title="根式" class="c1" target="_blank">根式</a> + <a href="/tags/43/" title="加法" class="c1" target="_blank">加法</a> <a href="/tags/52/" title="减法" class="c1" target="_blank">减法</a> <a href="/tags/896/" title="根式" class="c1" target="_blank">根式</a> ; (2 <a href="/tags/43/" title="加法" class="c1" target="_blank">加法</a> <a href="/tags/52/" title="减法" class="c1" target="_blank">减法</a> <a href="/tags/896/" title="根式" class="c1" target="_blank">根式</a>  <a href="/tags/43/" title="加法" class="c1" target="_blank">加法</a> <a href="/tags/52/" title="减法" class="c1" target="_blank">减法</a> <a href="/tags/896/" title="根式" class="c1" target="_blank">根式</a> -3 <a href="/tags/43/" title="加法" class="c1" target="_blank">加法</a> <a href="/tags/52/" title="减法" class="c1" target="_blank">减法</a> <a href="/tags/896/" title="根式" class="c1" target="_blank">根式</a> .




学习例2.计算:

 <a href="/tags/43/" title="加法" class="c1" target="_blank">加法</a> <a href="/tags/52/" title="减法" class="c1" target="_blank">减法</a> <a href="/tags/896/" title="根式" class="c1" target="_blank">根式</a> -2 <a href="/tags/43/" title="加法" class="c1" target="_blank">加法</a> <a href="/tags/52/" title="减法" class="c1" target="_blank">减法</a> <a href="/tags/896/" title="根式" class="c1" target="_blank">根式</a> +5 <a href="/tags/43/" title="加法" class="c1" target="_blank">加法</a> <a href="/tags/52/" title="减法" class="c1" target="_blank">减法</a> <a href="/tags/896/" title="根式" class="c1" target="_blank">根式</a> .

对应练习

计算:

12 <a href="/tags/43/" title="加法" class="c1" target="_blank">加法</a> <a href="/tags/52/" title="减法" class="c1" target="_blank">减法</a> <a href="/tags/896/" title="根式" class="c1" target="_blank">根式</a> -3 <a href="/tags/43/" title="加法" class="c1" target="_blank">加法</a> <a href="/tags/52/" title="减法" class="c1" target="_blank">减法</a> <a href="/tags/896/" title="根式" class="c1" target="_blank">根式</a> +6 <a href="/tags/43/" title="加法" class="c1" target="_blank">加法</a> <a href="/tags/52/" title="减法" class="c1" target="_blank">减法</a> <a href="/tags/896/" title="根式" class="c1" target="_blank">根式</a> 25 <a href="/tags/43/" title="加法" class="c1" target="_blank">加法</a> <a href="/tags/52/" title="减法" class="c1" target="_blank">减法</a> <a href="/tags/896/" title="根式" class="c1" target="_blank">根式</a> +3 <a href="/tags/43/" title="加法" class="c1" target="_blank">加法</a> <a href="/tags/52/" title="减法" class="c1" target="_blank">减法</a> <a href="/tags/896/" title="根式" class="c1" target="_blank">根式</a> -2 <a href="/tags/43/" title="加法" class="c1" target="_blank">加法</a> <a href="/tags/52/" title="减法" class="c1" target="_blank">减法</a> <a href="/tags/896/" title="根式" class="c1" target="_blank">根式</a>




3 <a href="/tags/43/" title="加法" class="c1" target="_blank">加法</a> <a href="/tags/52/" title="减法" class="c1" target="_blank">减法</a> <a href="/tags/896/" title="根式" class="c1" target="_blank">根式</a> +7 <a href="/tags/43/" title="加法" class="c1" target="_blank">加法</a> <a href="/tags/52/" title="减法" class="c1" target="_blank">减法</a> <a href="/tags/896/" title="根式" class="c1" target="_blank">根式</a> 4 <a href="/tags/43/" title="加法" class="c1" target="_blank">加法</a> <a href="/tags/52/" title="减法" class="c1" target="_blank">减法</a> <a href="/tags/896/" title="根式" class="c1" target="_blank">根式</a> - <a href="/tags/43/" title="加法" class="c1" target="_blank">加法</a> <a href="/tags/52/" title="减法" class="c1" target="_blank">减法</a> <a href="/tags/896/" title="根式" class="c1" target="_blank">根式</a>




【当堂测试】

1.下列二次根式中,与 <a href="/tags/43/" title="加法" class="c1" target="_blank">加法</a> <a href="/tags/52/" title="减法" class="c1" target="_blank">减法</a> <a href="/tags/896/" title="根式" class="c1" target="_blank">根式</a> 不能合并的二次根式是( )

A. <a href="/tags/43/" title="加法" class="c1" target="_blank">加法</a> <a href="/tags/52/" title="减法" class="c1" target="_blank">减法</a> <a href="/tags/896/" title="根式" class="c1" target="_blank">根式</a> B. <a href="/tags/43/" title="加法" class="c1" target="_blank">加法</a> <a href="/tags/52/" title="减法" class="c1" target="_blank">减法</a> <a href="/tags/896/" title="根式" class="c1" target="_blank">根式</a> C. <a href="/tags/43/" title="加法" class="c1" target="_blank">加法</a> <a href="/tags/52/" title="减法" class="c1" target="_blank">减法</a> <a href="/tags/896/" title="根式" class="c1" target="_blank">根式</a> D. <a href="/tags/43/" title="加法" class="c1" target="_blank">加法</a> <a href="/tags/52/" title="减法" class="c1" target="_blank">减法</a> <a href="/tags/896/" title="根式" class="c1" target="_blank">根式</a>

2.计算:

13 <a href="/tags/43/" title="加法" class="c1" target="_blank">加法</a> <a href="/tags/52/" title="减法" class="c1" target="_blank">减法</a> <a href="/tags/896/" title="根式" class="c1" target="_blank">根式</a> -2 <a href="/tags/43/" title="加法" class="c1" target="_blank">加法</a> <a href="/tags/52/" title="减法" class="c1" target="_blank">减法</a> <a href="/tags/896/" title="根式" class="c1" target="_blank">根式</a> + <a href="/tags/43/" title="加法" class="c1" target="_blank">加法</a> <a href="/tags/52/" title="减法" class="c1" target="_blank">减法</a> <a href="/tags/896/" title="根式" class="c1" target="_blank">根式</a> - <a href="/tags/43/" title="加法" class="c1" target="_blank">加法</a> <a href="/tags/52/" title="减法" class="c1" target="_blank">减法</a> <a href="/tags/896/" title="根式" class="c1" target="_blank">根式</a> ; (23 <a href="/tags/43/" title="加法" class="c1" target="_blank">加法</a> <a href="/tags/52/" title="减法" class="c1" target="_blank">减法</a> <a href="/tags/896/" title="根式" class="c1" target="_blank">根式</a> - <a href="/tags/43/" title="加法" class="c1" target="_blank">加法</a> <a href="/tags/52/" title="减法" class="c1" target="_blank">减法</a> <a href="/tags/896/" title="根式" class="c1" target="_blank">根式</a> + <a href="/tags/43/" title="加法" class="c1" target="_blank">加法</a> <a href="/tags/52/" title="减法" class="c1" target="_blank">减法</a> <a href="/tags/896/" title="根式" class="c1" target="_blank">根式</a>



3 <a href="/tags/43/" title="加法" class="c1" target="_blank">加法</a> <a href="/tags/52/" title="减法" class="c1" target="_blank">减法</a> <a href="/tags/896/" title="根式" class="c1" target="_blank">根式</a> - <a href="/tags/43/" title="加法" class="c1" target="_blank">加法</a> <a href="/tags/52/" title="减法" class="c1" target="_blank">减法</a> <a href="/tags/896/" title="根式" class="c1" target="_blank">根式</a> +2 <a href="/tags/43/" title="加法" class="c1" target="_blank">加法</a> <a href="/tags/52/" title="减法" class="c1" target="_blank">减法</a> <a href="/tags/896/" title="根式" class="c1" target="_blank">根式</a> ; (42 <a href="/tags/43/" title="加法" class="c1" target="_blank">加法</a> <a href="/tags/52/" title="减法" class="c1" target="_blank">减法</a> <a href="/tags/896/" title="根式" class="c1" target="_blank">根式</a> +3 <a href="/tags/43/" title="加法" class="c1" target="_blank">加法</a> <a href="/tags/52/" title="减法" class="c1" target="_blank">减法</a> <a href="/tags/896/" title="根式" class="c1" target="_blank">根式</a> - <a href="/tags/43/" title="加法" class="c1" target="_blank">加法</a> <a href="/tags/52/" title="减法" class="c1" target="_blank">减法</a> <a href="/tags/896/" title="根式" class="c1" target="_blank">根式</a>




3.二次根式 <a href="/tags/43/" title="加法" class="c1" target="_blank">加法</a> <a href="/tags/52/" title="减法" class="c1" target="_blank">减法</a> <a href="/tags/896/" title="根式" class="c1" target="_blank">根式</a> <a href="/tags/43/" title="加法" class="c1" target="_blank">加法</a> <a href="/tags/52/" title="减法" class="c1" target="_blank">减法</a> <a href="/tags/896/" title="根式" class="c1" target="_blank">根式</a> 化成最简二次根式后,被开方式相同,则 <a href="/tags/43/" title="加法" class="c1" target="_blank">加法</a> <a href="/tags/52/" title="减法" class="c1" target="_blank">减法</a> <a href="/tags/896/" title="根式" class="c1" target="_blank">根式</a> _________(选做)