2023年山东省德州市中考英语试卷
七、阅读理解，阅读下列短文，然后从每小题A、B、C、D中选出能回答所提问题的最佳答案。
15．（12.5分）
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The spirit of sports：fair play，teamwork，a never﹣give﹣up attitude （态度）
Discover the passion and happiness of playing ball games
What do you need to know about ball games？How can you improve your skills and build a strong body？How can you work as a team？
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Basketball Skills to be improved： shooting，passing，dribbling，team play Requirements：age 12；height 175 cm+ Time：19th June—16th July Coach：Zhang Qiang Tel：0531﹣55660266 Developed by：Shandong Sport University |
Football Skills to be improved：passing，shooting，goalkeeping Requirements：age 15；height 165—175cm Time：10th September—30th October Coach：Mr Lai Email：footballLife@ dundun.com Developed by：Tianjin University of Sport |
Table tennis Skills to be improved： brainpower Requirements：basic ping﹣pong skills； age 8+ Time：10th July—30th July Coach：Professor Lin Tel：010﹣8000﹣7000 Developed by：Beijing Sport University |
Volleyball Skills to be improved：passing，serving，spiking，teamwork Requirements：age 14+ Time：10th July—6th September Coach：Wang Wei Email：werw，weilovevolleyball@121.com Developed by：Chengdu Sport University |
When would you like to start？Start straight away and join a global classroom of learners.If the course hasn't started yet，you'll see the future date below.
Learning on the courses
On every step of the courses you can meet other learners from all over the world，share your ideas and join in with active discussions in the comments （评论）.
（1）When does the basketball course start？
A．June 19th.
B．July 16th.
C．September 10th.
D．July 10th.
（2）Who will you learn with in the football course？
A．Zhang Qiang.
B．Mr Lai.
C．Professor Lin.
D．Wang Wei.
（3）If you are 13 and 1.65 meters tall，which course can you take？
A．Basketball.
B．Football.
C．Table tennis.
D．Volleyball.
（4）Who developed the volleyball course？
A．Shandong Sport University.
B．Tianjin University of Sport.
C．Beijing Sport University.
D．Chengdu Sport University.
（5）Who are the courses for？
A．Learners around the world.
B．Learners from China only.
C．University students only.
D．Coaches only.
【答案】ABCDA
【考点】应用文；教育．
【分析】本文主要介绍了短期体育网络课程的信息。
【解答】（1）细节理解题。根据第一个表格中Time：19th June—16th July.（时间：6月19日﹣ 7月16日。）可知篮球课程是在6月19号开始。故选A。（2）细节理解题。根据第二个表格中Coach：Mr Lai.（教练：赖先生。）可知足球教练是赖先生。故选B。（3）细节理解题。根据第三个表格中age 8+.（年龄8+。）可知乒乓球课程要求年龄在8岁以上，且没有身高限制。故选C。（4）细节理解题。根据第四个表格中Developed by：Chengdu Sport University.（开发单位：成都体育大学。）可知成都体育大学开发了排球课程。故选D。（5）细节理解题。根据最后一段On every step of the courses you can meet other learners from all over the world.（在课程的每一步，你都可以遇到来自世界各地的其他学习者。）可知课程适合来自世界各地的学习者。故选A。
【难度】3
16．（12.5分）
Peter Rabbit hops into Beijing's UCCA Lab
The world﹣famous Peter Rabbit and his friends，from British novelist Beatrix Potter's children's books，jumped into the UCCA Lab in Beijing，ready to take children and adults on a new adventure with an exhibition.Once visitors come to the exhibition，Potter's life stories，which describe her as a writer of more than 60 books，a wise businesswoman and a nature lover，will spread before them.
First，Peter's family，all in sculptures （雕塑） greet visitors in a "rabbit hole".Then they are led into Potter's living room and can discover her love for nature through all those rocks and insects （昆虫） she collected as a child.They can also read the first version （版本） of The Tale of Peter Rabbit，which Potter wrote for the five﹣year﹣old son of her friend.
Then visitors start "A Great Adventure" in the garden.Here visitors can take part in activities from hide﹣and﹣seek and saving Peter Rabbit to a flower pot （花盆） workshop，to get knowledge about plants and animals，and a fuller understanding of the hero's adventurous spirit.
In the third part "A Fierce Battle"，visitors can watch the scene （场景） in The Tale of Mr.Tod，where Peter Rabbit and Benjamin are having a fight with their neighbors to save Benjamin's stolen baby.
After Peter Rabbit's adventures come to an end， "Tell Me Another Story"，the fourth part，guides visitors into a tailor （裁缝） shop，where visitors can try on all the clothes worn by Potter's animal characters.
The exhibition ends in "A Beautiful Legacy （遗产）"，where the visitors are encouraged to express whatever they want to say about Potter and her literary （文学的） works through writing or drawing.
The exhibition will give people a deeper understanding of Potter's works and her commitment （贡献） to nature conservation （保护），according to the Beijing museum.
If you go：Tuesday to Sunday，10 am to 7 pm，before Septembers 5；UCCA Lab，798 Art District，No.4 Jiuxianqiao Lu，Chaoyang District，Beijing
（1）What does the passage introduce？
A．An exhibition.
B．Peter Rabbit.
C．Beatrix Potter.
D．Beatrix Potter's books.
（2）What can visitors do during their visiting？
A．Collect rocks and insects.
B．Read the first version of The Tale of Peter Rabbit.
C．Act a role in The Tale of Mr.Tod.
D．Have a fight with their neighbors.
（3）What can visitors learn about Beatrix Potter？
A．She loved nature since she was a child.
B．She wrote The Tale of Peter Rabbit for her son.
C．She had a tailor shop.
D．She wrote many books about nature conservation.
（4）What are visitors encouraged to do at the end of the visiting？
A．Play hide﹣and﹣seek.
B．Make some flower pots.
C．Try on clothes of Potter's animal characters.
D．Write or draw about Potter and her literary works.
（5）Where is the passage most probably from？
A．A newspaper.
B．A story book.
C．A play.
D．A survey.
【答案】ABADA
【考点】说明文；旅游．
【分析】这篇短文主要介绍了一场关于彼得兔的展览在北京UCCA Lab举行的事情。
【解答】（1）主旨大意题。根据第一段The world﹣famous Peter Rabbit and his friends，from British novelist Beatrix Potter's children's books，jumped into the UCCA Lab in Beijing，ready to take children and adults on a new adventure with an exhibition.（世界闻名的彼得兔和他的朋友们，来自英国小说家比阿特丽克斯•波特的儿童书籍，跳入北京UCCA实验室，准备带孩子们和大人进行一次新的冒险。）可知，这篇文章介绍的是一个展览，故选A。（2）细节理解题。根据第二段They can also read the first version （版本） of The Tale of Peter Rabbit.（他们还可以阅读《彼得兔的故事》的第一版。）可知，他们可以阅读第一个版本The Tale of Peter Rabbit，故选B。（3）推理判断题。根据第二段Then they are led into Potter's living room and can discover her love for nature through all those rocks and insects （昆虫） she collected as a child.（然后他们被带到波特的客厅，通过她小时候收集的所有岩石和昆虫，可以发现她对大自然的热爱。）可知，她从小就热爱大自然，故选A。（4）细节理解题。根据倒数第三段The exhibition ends in "A Beautiful Legacy （遗产）"，where the visitors are encouraged to express whatever they want to say about Potter and her literary （文学的） works through writing or drawing.（展览以"美丽的遗产"结束。在这里，参观者被鼓励通过写作或绘画来表达他们对波特和她的文学作品的任何看法。）可知，鼓励参观者通过写作或绘画来表达他们对波特和她的文学作品的任何看法，故选D。（5）推理判断题。根据标题Peter Rabbit hops into Beijing's UCCA Lab.（彼得兔跳进北京UCCA实验室。）通读全文可知，本文主要是一则有关比得兔展览的广告信息，最可能来自报纸，故选A。
【难度】3
17．（12.5分）
Is fake grass better than a living grass lawn？ |
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What do you need to know？ |
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• Fake grass is made from different types of plastics and used in gardens as well as sports grounds. • More and more people are using fake grass to replace living grass lawns （草坪） and cover other outdoor spaces. • One company selling fake grass has sold 50% more compared with last year. • Some people think fake grass is bad for wildlife and the environment，and mustn't be sold. |
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Environment protectors' opinion There has been a large rise in the number of fake lawns. Environment protectors say fake grass lawns destroy （破坏） wildlife habitats （栖息地） at a time when we should be trying to improve the environment，which is not friendly to animals，birds or insects like bees which are important to us.However，looking after a garden can be hard work，which not everybody is willing or able to do. |
LAST WEEK'S POLL （投票） Last week，we asked if fake grass was better than a real lawn.Most readers said they preferred the natural kind of green space，especially because it's much better for wildlife. |
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Yes—fake grass makes gardening easy Fake grass not only looks tidier，it's also easier to care for，especially for people who find gardening difficult or boring. Fake grass can be swept and cleaned，but a natural lawn needs mowing （修剪），weeding （除草） and watering，which takes effort and isn't always good for the environment. A fake grass lawn looks fresh，bright and colourful in a shady （背阴的） outdoor space. |
No—fake grass should be replaced with real grass Gardens bring all kinds of nature into our lives.Birds can peck （啄食） through lawns for bugs and worms，and underground wildlife will not be starved of food. Plastic grass also heats up more than a natural lawn.In warm weather，it can be too hot for bare （光脚的） feet or paws to stand on. Also，there is now no easy way to recycle plastic lawns，so most will end up in rubbish dumps （堆）.One of the best things about real grass gardens is that it's rewarding （值得做的）.You can't plant flowers on a plastic lawn.Even a tiny real grass lawn—which provides food for birds and a home for insects，plants and other wildlife—is better than a fake，plastic one. |
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（1）What does the word "fake" mean in the passage？
A．Colourful.
B．Unreal.
C．Wild.
D．Living.
（2）What do 11% of the readers in the poll probably think of fake grass？
A．It looks untidy and hard to care for.
B．It makes gardening difficult or boring.
C．It takes effort to mow.weed and water.
D．It makes shady space bright.
（3）What do 89% of the readers in the poll probably think of fake grass？
A．Friendly to wildlife.
B．Hot for bare feet in warm days.
C．Rewarding.
D．Easy to recycle.
（4）Which is mentioned in the passage？
A．Fake grass can be used indoors too.
B．50% more companies sold fake grass last year.
C．Some people think fake grass mustn't be sold.
D．Everybody is willing to use fake grass.
（5）Which is the main idea of the passage？
A．What is fake grass？
B．Gardening is hard work.
C．Fake grass is better than a living grass lawn.
D．People have different opinions about fake grass.
【答案】BDBCD
【考点】议论文；日常生活．
【分析】本文是人们对于人工草坪的不同看法。
【解答】（1）词义猜测题。根据表格中Last week，we asked if fake grass was better than a real lawn.（上周，我们问......草坪是否比真草坪好。）可知，fake应是与real相反的词义，也就是"假的"，与unreal词义相近，故选B。（2）细节理解题。根据表格中A fake grass lawn looks fresh，bright and colourful in a shady （背阴的） outdoor space.（人造草坪在阴凉的户外空间里看起来清新、明亮、色彩鲜艳。）可知，调查中11%的读者认为它可以使阴凉的空间明亮，故选D。（3）细节理解题。根据表格中In warm weather，it can be too hot for bare （光脚的） feet or paws to stand on.（在温暖的天气里，光着脚或爪子站在上面太热了。）可知，调查中89%的读者认为在温暖的日子里光脚很热，故选B。（4）细节理解题。根据表格中Some people think fake grass is bad for wildlife and the environment，and mustn't be sold.（有些人认为人造草对野生动物和环境有害，不应该出售。）可知，有些人认为人造草对野生动物和环境有害，不应该出售，故选C。（5）主旨大意题。根据标题Is fake grass better than a living grass lawn？（人造草坪比真草坪好吗？）结合下文，可知，本文是人们对于人工草坪的不同看法，故选D。
【难度】3
18．（12.5分）
Scientists train AI to read human thoughts
Scientists have created a new tool that can turn people's thoughts into words.It works by using an AI program called GPT﹣1 to translate brain activity words.In order to achieve this，scientists did a lot.
First，scientists got everything ready before the tests.They invited some volunteers.Each spent sixteen hours listening to stories in a scanner （扫描仪）.They imagined the stories as they heard them，and the scanner recorded their brain activity.GPT﹣1 made connections between the ideas in the stories and the recordings of the listeners' brain activity.
Then came the tests.The scientists did them in three different ways.
Test 1
The researchers played a new story.GPT﹣1 was only given recordings of the volunteers' brain activity.But the words that GPT﹣1 predicted （预测） were very similar to the words in the story that they were listening to.The words weren't exactly the same，but they often carried the same meaning.For example，when a volunteer was listening to a story about a woman who didn't have a driver's license （驾照），the program came up with this： "She hasn't even started to learn to drive yet."
Test 2
The scientists also carried out the test when volunteers imagined their own stories. "It really works at the level of ideas.The ideas are the same but expressed in different words，" says Alexander Huth，one of the scientists behind the study.
Test 3
The researchers showed the volunteers silent movies，with no spoken words at all.GPT﹣1 could still figure out （算出） the basic ideas.
After the tests，the scientists say that GPT﹣1 is the first AI program to turn what people are thinking into words without brain surgery （外科手术）.The tool isn't something that can be easily used today，mainly because of the size and the cost of the scanner.In the future，they believe，a similar but cheaper tool could help people who have lost the ability to speak because of an injury or disease.
The scientists say their tool can't be used to "read people's minds" without permission （允许）.The tool only works if the person wants to share their thoughts.
（1）What was the scanner used to do？
A．Record brain activity.
B．Read the volunteers' ideas.
C．Catch the ideas of stories.
D．Work out the ideas.
（2）What was GPT﹣1 used to do？
A．Receive sounds.
B．Test the scanner.
C．Produce silent movies.
D．Turn recordings of brain activity into words.
（3）In which way was information put into volunteers' brain in Test 3？
A．Listening.
B．Imagining.
C．Watching.
D．Reading.
（4）Why did scientists do the tests？
A．To show how the tool works.
B．To prove that the tool works well.
C．To test in which fields the tool can be used.
D．To study whose mind can be read.
（5）Who could the tool help according to the passage？
A．People who can't speak.
B．People who can't hear.
C．People who can't read.
D．People who can't drive.
【答案】ADCBA
【考点】说明文；ChatGPT．
【分析】科学家已经开发出一种新工具，可以将人的思想转化为语言。这个工具通过使用一个名为GPT﹣1的AI程序来将大脑活动翻译成文字。科学家们通过三种不同的测试方式验证了这个工具的有效性。然而，由于扫描仪的大小和成本，这个工具目前还不能被广泛使用。科学家们认为，未来可能会有类似但更便宜的工具，可以帮助那些因为受伤或疾病而失去说话能力的人。此外，这个工具不能在没有得到许可的情况下"读取人们的思想"，只有当人们愿意分享他们的思想时，这个工具才会起作用。
【解答】（1）细节理解题。根据第二段and the scanner recorded their brain activity.（扫描仪记录下他们的大脑活动。）可知扫描仪记录大脑活动。故选A。（2）细节理解题。根据第一段It works by using an AI program called GPT﹣1 to translate brain activity words.（它的工作原理是使用一个名为GPT﹣1的人工智能程序来翻译大脑活动单词。）可知GPT﹣1把大脑活动的记录转化成文字。故选D。（3）细节理解题。根据第四段The researchers showed the volunteers silent movies，with no spoken words at all.（研究人员给志愿者们看了无声电影，里面根本没有台词。）可知研究人员给志愿者们看了一些无声电影，这些电影没有任何言语，所以是"看"。故选C。（4）推理判断题。根据第一段In order to achieve this，scientists did a lot.（为了实现这一目标，科学家们做了很多工作。）以及第二段First，scientists got everything ready before the tests.（首先，科学家们在测试前做好了一切准备。）以及第三段Then came the tests.The scientists did them in three different ways.（然后是测试。科学家们用三种不同的方法进行了实验。）可知科学家们创造了一种新的工具，可以把人们的思想转化为文字，所以为了证明这个工具运行良好，所以才做测试，故选B。（5）推理判断题。根据第三段The researchers showed the volunteers silent movies，with no spoken words at all.GPT﹣1 could still figure out （算出） the basic ideas.（研究人员给志愿者们看了一些无声电影，这些电影没有任何言语。GPT﹣1仍然可以找出基本的思想。）可推断这个工具可以帮助不能说话的人。故选A。
【难度】3
八、短文还原。
19．（10分）Zhang Jinyuan is 94 years old.However，she has never stopped pursuing （追求） her nursing dream in Nanchang，Jiangxi Province.
（1） ，the highest international honor for nurses.The medal was set to remember Florence Nightingale （1820—1910）who did a lot of work educating people about the importance of keeping hospitals clean.（2） .
Recently Miss Zhang has been presented the 2023 International Achievement Award by the International Foundation.The award is offered twice a year to a practicing nurse with at least 10 years of nursing experience.（3） ：direct care，education，management or research.
Up to now，she has worked in clinical （临床的） nursing for more than 40 years.（4） ，and she has also written more than 100 nursing papers and made 37 nursing research projects.
After her retirement （退休），she is still active in volunteering.In 2000，Miss Zhang，together with other 17 retired nurses，set up a caring center in Nanchang，providing caring service at community level.（5） .By 2023，the center has 19，251 volunteers to provide services for more than 700，000 residents （居民）.
A．Today in modem hospitals this work is still carried on
B．She has given more than 1，000 reports
C．That's why she lived in Hong Kong
D．20 years ago，she won the Florence Nightingale Medal
E．The experience is mainly in one of the following nursing fields
F．Now，more and more volunteers are joining the volunteer nursing team
【答案】DAEBF
【考点】记叙文；杰出人物．
【分析】本文主要介绍了不停追求自己护理梦的94岁护士章金媛。
【解答】（1）细节推理题。根据后句"the highest international honor for nurses"（护士的最高国际荣誉）可知此处介绍她获得了一个奖项，选项D"20年前，她获得了弗洛伦斯•南丁格尔奖章"符合语境。故选D。（2）细节推理题。根据前句"who did a lot of work educating people about the importance of keeping hospitals clean."（他做了很多工作，教育人们保持医院清洁的重要性。）可知南丁格尔做了很多工作来教育人们保持医院清洁的重要性，选项A"今天，在现代医院，这项工作仍在继续"符合语境。故选A。（3）细节推理题。根据后句"direct care，education，management or research."（直接护理、教育、管理或研究。）可知此处介绍的是经验领域，选项E"经验主要在以下护理领域之一"符合语境。故选E。（4）细节推理题。根据后句"and she has also written more than 100 nursing papers and made 37 nursing research projects."（她还撰写了100多篇护理论文，完成了37个护理研究项目。）可知此处介绍她的工作经历，选项B"她做了1000多份报告"符合语境。故选B。（5）细节推理题。根据后句"By 2023，the center has 19，251 volunteers to provide services for more than 700，000 residents"（到2023年，该中心将拥有19251名志愿者，为70多万居民提供服务）可知此处介绍的是她的这个护理中心，选项F"现在，越来越多的志愿者加入了志愿者护理团队"符合语境。故选F。
【难度】3
九、综合填空，阅读下面的短文，根据短文内容，从下面方框内所给11个词中选择10个意义相符的词，必要时进行词形变化，填入空白处，每空一词。
20．（15分）
help，it，with，lucky，one，piece，large，if，but，for，when |
In the summer of 1996，some strange﹣looking fossilized bones （骨骼化石） were dug up by a man in a dried﹣up lake.He was a farmer in the eastern part of China，who wondered：Could these be the remains （遗迹） of an ancient dragon？
Not quite.Finally the study showed us that the bones actually belonged to a meat﹣eating dinosaur （恐龙），and（1） name was Sinosauropteryx prima （中华龙鸟）.It was（2） than the size of a common chicken which lived about 120 million years ago.It was the（3） time to find fossils of dinosaurs in Liaoning，and it was the earliest one with feathers （羽毛）.
So，scientists said that Sinosauropteryx prima might have had tiny feathers，which is similar to the chicken.They have something in common!
It may sound crazy（4） in fact not.Most scientists think today's birds and dinosaurs are relatives.
However，not everyone believes it.Many scientists wonder（5） some dinosaurs had feathers.Some bird scientists suggest that the feather﹣like structures （结构） may be（6） of scales （鳞片）.Whatever they are，they are not the right size and shape（7） flying.
It's not easy to prove this because feathers are so weak that they usually rot （腐烂） away without a trace （踪迹）.（8） ，the fossils showed a lot of details （细节）.For the study of the relationship between birds and dinosaurs，these details are very（9） .
Yet still nobody knows（10） and why feathers appeared on the earth.Scientists hope to solve the puzzle （谜题） by studying the area where the fossils were found. "These beds date to a time when flowering plants and binds appeared，" says a professor. "The discovery of this area is just as important as going to Mars."
【答案】（1）its（2）larger（3）first（4）but（5）if（6）pieces（7）for（8）Luckily（9）helpful（10）when
【考点】说明文；科普知识．
【分析】本文讲述了中华龙鸟化石的发现以及它对相关研究的重要意义。
【解答】（1）考查代词。句意：最后，这项研究表明，这些骨头实际上属于一种食肉恐龙，它的名字叫中华龙鸟。空处作定语，指这种食肉恐龙的名字，用it的形容词性物主代词形式its"它的"。故填its。（2）考查形容词。句意：它比生活在大约1.2亿年前的普通鸡要大。空处作表语，比较恐龙与鸡的大小，large"大的"符合语境，than前用比较级。故填larger。（3）考查数词。句意：这是辽宁第一次发现恐龙化石，也是最早发现的有羽毛的恐龙化石。这是第一次在辽宁发现恐龙化石，填one的序数词形式first。故填first。（4）考查连词。句意：这听起来可能很疯狂，但事实并非如此。句子前后是转折关系，用but"但是"连接。故填but。（5）考查连词。句意：许多科学家想知道某些恐龙是否有羽毛。空处引导宾语从句，结合备选词汇，if"是否"符合语境，科学家不确定恐龙是否有羽毛。故填if。（6）考查名词。句意：一些鸟类科学家认为，这些羽毛状结构可能是鳞片碎片。修饰鳞片应用piece"一片"，pieces of..."许多片的……"。故填pieces。（7）考查介词。句意：不管它们是什么，它们的大小和形状都不适合飞行。介词for可表用途。故填for。（8）考查副词。句意：幸运的是，这些化石显示了许多细节。空处修饰整个句子，用lucky的副词形式。故填Luckily。（9）考查形容词。句意：对于研究鸟类和恐龙之间的关系，这些细节非常有帮助。此处表示新发现对研究很有帮助，空处用help的形容词helpful作表语。故填helpful。（10）考查连词。句意：然而，仍然没有人知道这些羽毛何时以及为什么出现在地球上。空处应填连词引导宾语从句，when符合语境，表示没人知道羽毛是何时出现的。故填when。
【难度】3
十、阅读下面的短文，根据短文内容，从下面方框内所给11个动词中选择10个意义相符的词，必要时进行词形变化（可添加助动词或者情态动词），填入空白处。
21．（15分）
give，come，read，empty，do，pick，use，walk，write，call，answer |
Bottles have been used to "send" messages for a long time.Usually the messages（1） on paper，and then the paper is rolled （卷） up and put into a bottle.After the bottle is closed，it will be thrown into the sea and begin to float （漂流） until it（2） to land.Usually the bottles are never seen again，but sometimes they can be found.
A woman named Tonya and her son（3） on the beach in Australia when she saw a colored glass bottle.She（4） up the bottle，which was not round but square.She looked inside and saw sand and something that she thought was a cigarette.Her son（5） the bottle out，in which they found that the "cigarette" was actually a rolled﹣up message.
Tonya and her son dried the message and spread it out.It was a form printed in German.
"The writing on the form is light and hard（6） ." Tonya said to her son. "The paper says that the bottle was thrown into the sea in 1886，about 600 miles from the coast of Australia.Do you think it is real？"
"Perhaps.But we（7） some research to prove that，or that's only a guess，" said the son.
"OK.I（8） my friend in Australia.She works in a museum there.Maybe she can help." said Tonya.
People in Germany heard about the message and bottle.They agreed that the message and bottle seemed real.They said that thousands of bottles were thrown into the sea as an experiment，but only 662 messages were found and sent back to Germany.Some people suggested that Tonya should ask some experts（专家）for help，who can find out its age by（9） C14（碳14）.
Now Tonya（10） the bottle to the museum in Australia，and it will be exhibited there for the next two years.
Whether it is real or not，time will tell.
【答案】（1）are written（2）comes（3）were walking（4）picked（5）emptied（6）to read（7）have to do（8）will call（9）using（10）has given
【考点】记叙文；日常生活．
【分析】这篇文章讲述了一个名叫Tonya的女人和她的儿子在澳大利亚的海滩上发现了一个装有信息的瓶子。这个瓶子里的纸条显示，这个瓶子在1886年被扔进海里，距离澳大利亚海岸约600英里。Tonya和她的儿子正在尝试证明这个信息的真实性。无论真假，这个瓶子将在澳大利亚的一个博物馆展出两年。
【解答】（1）考查动词。句意：通常信息都写在纸上，然后把纸卷起来放进瓶子里。根据"on paper"可知是写在纸上，write"写"，和主语之间是被动关系，根据"the paper is rolled..."（纸卷起来）可知句子用一般现在时，主语是名词复数，be动词用are。故填are written。（2）考查动词。句意：瓶子合上后，它会被扔进海里，开始漂流，直到来到陆地。根据"it...to land"以及所给词可知是来到陆地，come"来"，句子用一般现在时，主语是it，谓语动词用单三。故填comes。（3）考查动词。句意：一位名叫Tonya的妇女和她的儿子在澳大利亚的海滩上散步时，看到了一个彩色玻璃瓶。根据"on the beach"（在海滩上）以及所给词可知是在海滩上散步，walk"散步"，根据"when she saw..."可知此处表示当时他们正在散步，用过去进行时was/were doing，主语是A woman named Tonya and her son，be动词用were。故填were walking。（4）考查动词。句意：她捡起瓶子，瓶子不是圆形的，而是方形的。根据"up the bottle"（捡起瓶子）可知是捡起瓶子，pick up"捡起"，句子用一般过去时，动词用过去式。故填picked。（5）考查动词。句意：她的儿子把瓶子倒了出来，他们发现"香烟"实际上是一条卷起的信息。根据"the bottle out，in which they found that the 'cigarette' was actually a rolled﹣up message."（把瓶子拿出来，他们发现里面的'香烟'实际上是一个卷起来的信息。）可知是把瓶子清空，empty"清空"，句子用一般过去时，动词用过去式。故填emptied。（6）考查动词。句意：表格上的文字很轻，很难阅读。根据"The writing on the form is light"（表格上的字很轻。）可知文字写的很轻，所以很难阅读，read"读"，此处用动词不定式。故填to read。（7）考查动词。句意：但我们必须做一些研究来证明这一点，否则这只是一个猜测，"儿子说。根据"some research"（一些研究）可知是做一些研究，do"做"，句子是一般现在时，应说我们必须做一些研究来证明这一点，故填have to do。（8）考查动词。句意：我会打电话给我在澳大利亚的朋友。根据"my friend in Australia"（我的朋友在澳大利亚）以及所给词可知是给澳大利亚的朋友打电话，动作还未发生，句子用一般将来时will do。故填will call。（9）考查动词。句意：有人建议Tonya应该向一些专家寻求帮助，他们可以通过使用C14来了解它的年龄。根据"find out its age by...C14"（可以通过使用C14来了解它的年龄）可知是使用C14了解它的年龄，use"使用"，介词by后加动名词。故填using。（10）考查动词。句意：现在，Tonya已经把这个瓶子交给了澳大利亚的博物馆，它将在接下来的两年里在那里展出。根据"the bottle to the museum"（把瓶子送到博物馆去）可知是把瓶子给博物馆，give"给"，此处表示过去的动作对现在的影响，用现在完成时，主语是Tonya，助动词用has。故填has given。
【难度】5
十一、阅读表达，阅读短文，根据题目要求完成各小题
22．（10分）To respect your decisions is a simple and powerful quality of a person but it's seldom used.Few people fully respect all his or her decisions，making decisions without really considering whether those decisions are really needed，whether they are correct，or even whether they are possible to complete.Imagine how you will feel if you are able to respect your decisions.You will be determined （坚定的），more creative，more satisfied，and so on.
Although many methods could be written about how to respect your decisions and carry them out，the simplest way to start is by deciding to decide and deciding to respect the decisions yon make!Yes，it's as simple as that.
Before making a decision，it is a good idea to notice how you feel about what you are considering.Do you feel easy and relaxed about what you are thinking to do？If you decide to do something that doesn't agree with your inner feelings，you will certainly find it difficult to complete the task that you've decided to do.In fact you may not even start it!By making sure that the decision agrees with your values first，you should have no difficulties carrying it out.
Respecting your decisions is respecting yourself.If you seldom do what you say，then other people will not trust you，nor will you trust yourself.Very quickly these make you tired，slow and lazy.At this point nearly everything seems like hand work.
To respect your decisions is a great quality to have.By giving importance to your time and energy，you will be able to make wise decisions.You will be known as someone who does what they say they will do.You will be highly respected.You will have a powerful and clear mind.You'll have one of the greatest attributes （特质） needed for success.
（1）What will you be like if you respect your own decisions according to Paragraph 1？
（2）What should you do before making a decision according to Paragraph 3？
（3）Why do others no longer trust you according to Paragraph 4 ？
（4）How could you make wise decisions according to the last paragraph？
（5）Give a proper title to the passage.
【答案】（1）I will be determined，more creative，more satisfied，and so on.
（2）I should notice how I feel about what I am considering.
（3）Because I seldom do what you say.
（4）By giving importance to your time and energy.
（5）To respect your decisions.
【考点】说明文；方法与哲理．
【分析】本文主要介绍了要尊重自己的决定，这样会变得更坚定、更有创造力、更满意。
【解答】（1）细节理解题。根据第一段"Imagine how you will feel if you are able to respect your decisions.You will be determined （坚定的），more creative，more satisfied，and so on.（想象一下，如果你能够尊重自己的决定，你会有什么感觉。你会更有决心，更有创造力，更满意，等等。）"可知会更坚定、更有创造力、更满意等等。故填I will be determined，more creative，more satisfied，and so on.（2）细节理解题。根据第三段"Before making a decision，it is a good idea to notice how you feel about what you are considering.（在做决定之前，注意一下你对正在考虑的事情的感受是个好主意。）"可知在做出决定之前，最好注意一下你对自己正在考虑的事情的感受。故填I should notice how I feel about what I am considering.（3）细节理解题。根据第四段"If you seldom do what you say，then other people will not trust you，nor will you trust yourself（如果你很少说到做到，那么别人就不会相信你，你也不会相信自己）"可知如果你很少说到做到，那么别人不会信任你。故填Because I seldom do what you say.（4）细节理解题。根据第五段"By giving importance to your time and energy，you will be able to make wise decisions.（重视你的时间和精力，你就能做出明智的决定。）"可知通过重视你的时间和精力，你将能够做出明智的决定。故填By giving importance to your time and energy.（5）标题归纳题。根据第一段"To respect your decisions is a simple and powerful quality of a person but it's seldom used.Few people fully respect all his or her decisions，making decisions without really considering whether those decisions are really needed，whether they are correct，or even whether they are possible to complete.（尊重自己的决定是一个人简单而强大的品质，但它很少被使用。很少有人完全尊重他或她的所有决定，在做决定时没有真正考虑这些决定是否真的需要，是否正确，甚至是否有可能完成。）"可知本文主要介绍了要尊重自己的决定，这样会变得更坚定、更有创造力、更满意，故文章可以"To respect your decisions"为标题。故填To respect your decisions.
【难度】5
十二、书面表达。
23．（20分）作为全市文明家庭成员，请你给即将到来的交换生David写一封信，介绍你的家庭情况，除了提示内容外，至少再补充一条家庭美德（Merit）。
（1）Family information：members，hobbies
（2）Merits：respect the old and care for the young，protect the environment，…
要求：
（1）语言通顺，要点齐全，意思连贯，条理清楚，书写规范：
（2）文中不得出现真实的姓名和学校名称：
（3）80—100词，文章开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear David，
Welcome to my home!I'd like to introduce my family to you.
________________________________________________________________________________
Now you see what my family are like.I'm sure you will enjoy your stay in my home.Looking forward to your coming!
Sincerely，
Your friend
【答案】Dear David，
Welcome to my home!I'd like to introduce my family to you.
There are four people in my family.They are my parents，my brother and I.My parents are both math teachers and they like reading books very much.My brother and I are in the same school.He likes playing football with his classmates and I like drawing.In my family，there are many merits.We respect the old and care for the young.When we meet someone who needs help，we will be willing to help them.What's more，we try our best to protect the environment.When we see rubbish on the ground，we will pick it up.
Now you see what my family are like.I'm sure that you will enjoy your stay in my home.Looking forward to your coming!
Sincerely，
Your friend
【考点】书信类；家庭生活．
【分析】【高分句型一】
When we meet someone who needs help，we will be willing to help them.
翻译：当我们遇到需要帮助的人时，我们会愿意帮助他们。
分析：句子中应用了When引导的时间状语从句与who引导的定语从句巧妙结合。
【高分句型二】
I'm sure that you will enjoy your stay in my home.
翻译：我相信你在我家会过得很愉快。
分析：句子中应用了that引导的宾语从句。
【解答】Dear David，Welcome to my home!I'd like to introduce my family to you.There are four people in my family.They are my parents，my brother and I.My parents are both math teachers and they like reading books very much.My brother and I are in the same school.He likes playing football with his classmates and I like drawing.（介绍家庭成员和爱好）In my family，there are many merits.We respect the old and care for the young.When we meet someone who needs help，we will be willing to help them.【高分句型一】What's more，we try our best to protect the environment.When we see rubbish on the ground，we will pick it up.（介绍家庭美德）Now you see what my family are like.I'm sure that you will enjoy your stay in my home.【高分句型二】Looking forward to your coming!Sincerely，Your friend
【难度】5