2023年江苏省南京市中考英语试卷
一、单项填空
1．（1分）Look at the picture.The lady is playing the .
A．drum
B．Violin
C．Guitar
D．piano
【答案】D
【考点】名词词义辨析．
【分析】看看这张图片。那个女士在弹钢琴。
【解答】drum鼓；violin小提琴；guitar吉他；piano钢琴，都是名词。图片内容是"一个女士在弹钢琴"，要填"钢琴"。故选：D。
【难度】1
2．（1分） May 30，2023，China's manned spaceship Shenzhou XⅤ blasted off from the Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center.
A．At
B．In
C．On
D．To
【答案】C
【考点】时间介词．
【分析】2023年5月30日，中国载人飞船神舟15号从酒泉卫星发射中心发射升空。
【解答】At其后加具体时刻；In其后加早中晚，月份，季节，年份等；On其后加星期或具体的某一天；To到。根据May 30，2023（2023年5月30日）可知，指的是具体的某一天，因此用介词On。故选：C。
【难度】1
3．（1分）—Today is Father's Day.What are you going to do for your dad？
—I've made a card for ，Mum.
A．her
B．Him
C．His
D． himself
【答案】B
【考点】人称代词的宾格．
【分析】—今天是父亲节。你打算为你爸爸做什么？
—我给他做了一张卡片，妈妈。
【解答】her她、她的，人称代词宾格或形容词性物主代词；him他，人称代词宾格；his他的，名词性或形容词性物主代词；himself他自己，反身代词。for是介词，后接人称代词宾格；由上文的your dad（你的爸爸）可知，此处应用him。故选：B。
【难度】1
4．（1分）How Ricky is!He always comes up with new ideas.
A．Modest
B．Patient
C．Generous
D．creative
【答案】D
【考点】形容词词义辨析．
【分析】Ricky多么有创造力啊！他总是能想出新点子。
【解答】modest谦虚的，patient耐心的，generous慷慨的，creative有创造力的。根据"He always comes up with new ideas（他总是能想出新点子）"，我们可以推断这里强调的是Ricky的创新或创造性能力。因此最符合语境的形容词是"creative"。故选：D。
【难度】1
5．（1分）Lucy is very good at painting.That's why is her favourite subject.
A．Art
B．Music
C．History
D．maths
【答案】A
【考点】名词词义辨析．
【分析】露西非常擅长画画。这就是为什么美术是她最喜欢的科目的原因。
【解答】art艺术，美术；music音乐；history历史；maths数学，都是名词。根据前句句意"露西非常擅长画画"可知，后句句意为"这就是为什么美术是她最喜欢的科目的原因"，要填"美术"，其它选项语意不通。故选：A。
【难度】1
6．（1分）South Hill is attractive in spring because of its beautiful natural landscapes.
A．Loudly
B．Really
C．Hardly
D．slowly
【答案】B
【考点】副词词义辨析．
【分析】南山在春天真的很迷人，因为它有美丽的自然景观。
【解答】loudly大声地，really真的，hardly几乎不，slowly慢慢地。根据题干中because of its beautiful natural landscapes（因为它有美丽的自然景观）可知在春天南山有美丽的自然景观，真的很迷人，则B选项符合题意。故选：B。
【难度】1
7．（1分）It's important to keep learning about new ideas and technology the world changes so fast.
A．So
B．Of
C．Since
D．unless
【答案】C
【考点】时间状语从句．
【分析】因为世界变化如此之快，所以不断学习新思想和新技术是很重要的。
【解答】so所以；of……的；since自从，因为；unless除非。根据It's important to keep learning about new ideas and technology…the world changes so fast.（…世界变化如此之快，所以不断学习新思想和新技术是很重要的。）可知，此处是说"因为世界变化如此之快，所以不断学习新思想和新技术是很重要的。"故选：C。
【难度】1
8．（1分）Before visiting a foreign country ，you'd better what the local people usually do，so you won't make mistakes.
A．Check
B．Doubt
C．Plan
D．show
【答案】A
【考点】动词词义辨析．
【分析】在访问外国之前，你最好检查一下当地人通常做什么，这样你就不会犯错了。
【解答】check检查、核实，doubt怀疑，plan计划，show展示。根据句子的意思，"在访问外国之前，你最好______当地人通常做什么，这样你就不会犯错。"最合适的动词是"check"，因为它意味着去了解或确认信息，以避免犯错误。故选：A。
【难度】1
9．（1分）The citizens of Nanjing like to tents in parks to enjoy the pleasant weather and feel the spring breath.
A．clean up
B．put up
C．look up
D．give up
【答案】B
【考点】动词短语．
【分析】南京的市民喜欢在公园里搭建帐篷，享受宜人的天气，感受春天的气息。
【解答】clean up清除干净；put up搭建；look up查阅；give up放弃，都是动词短语。根据句意和空格后面的tents（帐篷）可知，要填"搭建"，其它选项语意不通。故选：B。
【难度】1
10．（1分）45.000 mu of wheat smoothly in Gaochun District last month，forming a busy harvest scene.
A．Harvests
B．harvested
C．is harvested
D．was harvested
【答案】D
【考点】一般过去时的被动语态．
【分析】上个月高淳区45000亩小麦顺利收割，形成了一片繁忙的丰收景象。
【解答】harvests一般现在时的第三人称单数；harvested一般过去时；is harvested一般现在时的被动语态；was harvested一般过去时的被动语态。根据last month（上个月）可知句子时态用一般过去时，主语45.000 mu of wheat（45000亩小麦）和谓语动词harvest（收获）之间是被动关系，所以要用被动语态；一般过去时的被动语态结构为was/were+动词的过去分词。故选：D。
【难度】1
11．（1分）It's so noisy that I hear a word of what you are saying.
A．can't
B．shouldn't
C．mustn't
D．needn't
【答案】A
【考点】can/could的用法．
【分析】它太吵了，我一个字也不能听到你在说什么。
【解答】can't不能；shouldn't不应该；mustn't禁止；needn't不必，都是情态动词的否定形式。根据主句句意"它太吵了"可知，从句句意为"我一个字也不能听到你在说什么"，要填"不能"，其它选项语意不通。故选：A。
【难度】1
12．（1分）When I passed by the music room，Tina the song Auld Lang Syne for the coming school﹣leavers' party.
A．has practised
B．will practise
C．was practising
D．is practising
【答案】C
【考点】过去进行时．
【分析】当我经过音乐室时，蒂娜正在为即将到来的毕业生派对练习歌曲《友谊地久天长》。
【解答】has practised是现在完成时；will practise是一般将来时；was practising是过去进行时；is practising是现在进行时。根据句意和时间状语从句是一般过去时可知，主句表述过去某一时刻正在发生的事情，要用过去进行时，其构成为was/ were doing。故选：C。
【难度】1
13．（1分）During the holiday of the Dragon Boat Festival，many people gather in Mochou Lake Park the dragon boat race.
A．Watch
B．to watch
C．Watches
D．watched
【答案】B
【考点】不定式作状语．
【分析】端午节期间，许多人聚集在莫愁湖公园观看龙舟比赛。
【解答】watch观看，动词。A选项是动词原形；B选项是动词不定式；C选项是第三人称单数形式；D选项是过去式或者过去分词。根据many people gather in Mochou Lake Park（许多人聚集在莫愁湖公园）可知此处用动词不定式to watch作目的状语。故选：B。
【难度】1
14．（1分）—I'm very hungry，Amy.Do you know ？
—Of course!I suggest Sunshine Fast Food over there.
A．where we can get some food quickly
B．where can we get some food quickly
C．when we can get some food quickly
D．when can we get some food quickly
【答案】A
【考点】连接副词where引导宾语从句；宾语从句的语序．
【分析】—我非常饿，艾米。你知道我们能在哪里快速得到一些食物吗？
—当然！我建议去那边的阳光快餐店。
【解答】根据题干可知，本句考查宾语从句，宾语从句需要用陈述语序，B、D选项是疑问语序，所以排除；再根据答语I suggest Sunshine Fast Food over there.（我建议去那边的阳光快餐店。）可知，此处应是对地点进行的提问，所以引导词用where（哪里），而when（什么时候）是对时间进行的提问，排除C选项。故选：A。
【难度】1
15．（1分）—Jack，I'm stressed because my parents are always comparing me with others.
— ，Millie.Talk to them and let them know how you feel.
A．Cheer up
B．No way
C．My pleasure
D．Well done
【答案】A
【考点】表扬和鼓励．
【分析】—杰克，我压力很大，因为我父母总是拿我和别人比较。
—振作起来，米莉。和他们谈谈，让他们知道你的感受。
【解答】Cheer up振作起来；No way没门；My pleasure我的荣幸；Well done干得好。根据Talk to them and let them know how you feel.（和他们谈谈，让他们知道你的感受。）可知，此处应是鼓励对方的话语，所以A选项符合语境。故选：A。
【难度】1
二、完形填空请认真阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项
16．（10分） Imagine you are in a boat far out at sea.Suddenly，you hear a loud，deep，and beautiful song.Just as you are starting to enjoy it，the song ends.Then，it （1） again.Who is out there making such music？
It sounds like the music that people make.（2） this music is actually（实际上）made by some species of whale.According to scientist，some whales （3） their feelings of loneliness through these songs.They may even sing the songs to show their （4） over the loss of a loved one.
Each of these whale songs can last from a few minutes to half an hour，and it is then（5） .The singing can go on for hours，or even days.It is very loud，and can be heard over great distances.What is more（6） is that whales from the same social group sing the same song at the same time even when they are very far apart（相隔）.On the other hand，whales that belong to different social groups sing different song seven when they are（7） .The music may change over time，but whales belonging to the same group（8） sing the same songs.Research shows that this helps the whales to communicate important information to one another within the group.
Although scientists have been studying whale songs for a long time，they continue to（9） why whales sing.They haven't found out the complex meanings of these songs.But maybe this is not a bad thing，fort he（10） of nature often lies in its mystery.And the mystery could be part of the reason why the song sounds so beautiful to the human ear.
（1）A.fails |
B.starts |
C.dies |
D.leaves |
（2）A.If |
B.So |
C.But |
D.Till |
（3）A.hide |
B.forget |
C.express |
D.compare |
（4）A.joy |
B.envy |
C.interest |
D.sadness |
（5）A.repeated |
B.repaired |
C.refused |
D.reminded |
（6）A.amazing |
B.tiring |
C.boring |
D.worrying |
（7）A.off |
B.together |
C.out |
D.away |
（8）A.never |
B.seldom |
C.sometimes |
D.always |
（9）A.receive |
B.support |
C.wonder |
D.complain |
（10）A.horror |
B.beauty |
C.change |
D.energy |
【答案】BCCDA ABDCD
【考点】说明文；科普知识．
【分析】短文主要介绍了鲸鱼通过歌声表达情感和社交的方式。科学家发现，某些鲸鱼种类会通过唱歌来表达孤独感，甚至用歌声来表达对失去伴侣的悲痛。这些鲸鱼的歌声可以持续几分钟到半小时，而且非常响亮，可以在很远的距离内被听到。有趣的是，同一个社会群体的鲸鱼即使相隔很远也会同时唱相同的歌曲，而不同群体的鲸鱼则唱不同的歌曲。研究表明，这种行为有助于鲸鱼在群体内部传递重要信息。尽管科学家已经研究鲸鱼的歌声很长时间了，但他们仍在探索鲸鱼唱歌的原因，这些复杂的含义尚未被完全理解。不过，自然界的神秘之处也许正是其魅力所在，这种神秘可能也是歌声对人类来说如此美妙的部分原因。
【解答】（1）考查动词。句意：然后它又开始了。A失败；B开始；C死亡；D离开。根据Just as you are starting to enjoy it，the song ends.（正当你开始欣赏时，歌曲结束了。）和again（再次）可知此处指再次开始。故选B。（2）考查连词。句意：但这个音乐实际上是一些鲸鱼发出的。A如果；B所以；C但；D直到。根据两句的逻辑关系，可知此处表示转折。故选C。（3）考查动词。句意：据科学家称，有些鲸鱼通过这些歌声来表达它们的孤独感。A隐藏；B忘记；C表达；D对比。根据句意可知此处指表达情感。故选C。（4）考查名词。句意：他们甚至会唱这首歌来表达失去亲人的悲伤之情。A快乐；B羡慕；C兴趣；D悲伤。根据the loss of a loved one（失去亲人）可知此处只失去亲人是悲伤的。故选D。（5）考查过去分词。句意：每首鲸歌可持续几分钟到半小时，然后重复播放。A重复；B修理；C拒绝；D提醒。根据The singing can go on for hours，or even days.（歌声可以持续几个小时，甚至几天。）可知歌声重复。故选A。（6）考查形容词。句意：更令人惊叹的是，即使相隔很远，同一社会群体的鲸鱼也会在同一时间唱同一首歌。A令人惊叹的；B令人疲倦的；C令人无聊的；D令人担心的。根据句意可知此处指令人惊叹的。故选A。（7）考查副词。句意：另一方面，属于不同社会群体的鲸鱼在一起时会唱不同的七和弦。A离开；B一起；C在外面；D远离。根据句意可知此处表示一起。故选B。（8）考查副词。句意：音乐可能会随着时间的推移而改变，但属于同一群体的鲸鱼总是唱同样的歌。A从不；B很少；C有时；D总是。根据句意可知此处指总是。故选D。（9）考查动词。句意：虽然科学家们研究鲸鱼的歌声已经有很长一段时间了，但他们仍然不明白鲸鱼为什么要唱歌。A收到；B支持；C想知道；D抱怨。根据why whales sing（鲸鱼为什么要唱歌）可知此处指他们想知道原因。故选C。（10）考查名词。句意：但也许这并不是坏事，因为大自然的能量往往在于其神秘性。A恐怖；B美丽；C改变；D能量。根据句意可知此处指能量。故选D。
【难度】1
三、阅读理解请认真阅读下列材料，从材料后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
17．（3分）
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Welcome to SKATING LAND Are you looking for the latest news of ice skating？ Do you want to know more about your favourite skaters？Would you like to improve your skills？ You've come to the right place!SKATING LAND is the only website you'll ever need. |
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SKATING LAND has more features than any other site out there，including： |
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You are just ONE CLICK away!Best of all，you can use SKATING LAND completely FREE.*
*New users get free access for the first 90 days of their membership. |
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（1）What is SKATING LAND？
A.It's a sports club.
B.It's a sports shop.
C.It's a sports website.
D.Its a sports game.
（2）Which part helps you communicate with skaters？
A.Training Centre.
B.Summer Camp.
C.Skating Round﹣up.
D.Message Boards.
（3）What's the purpose of using"ONE CLICK"instead of "one click"？
A.To provide online training for readers.
B.To invite readers to join the Summer Camp.
C.To prove SKATING LAND has more features.
D.To encourage readers to use SKATING LAND.
【答案】CDD
【考点】应用文；体育．
【分析】本文主要介绍了关于溜冰的网站 SKATING LAND。
【解答】（1）细节理解题。根据文中SKATING LAND is the only website you'll ever need.（SKATING LAND是您唯一需要的网站。）并结合选项，可知SKATING LAND是一个体育网站，故选C（2）细节理解题。根据文中You can exchange information with skaters and other fans.（你可以和溜冰者和其他粉丝交换信息）并结合选项，可知留言板部分有助于你与滑冰选手交流，故选D（3）推理判断题。根据You can tack your favourite teams and skaters.（你可以安排你最喜欢的队伍和滑冰选手。）*New users get free access for the first 90 days of their membership.（新用户在其会员资格的前90天内可以免费访问。）可知用"ONE CLICK"而不是"one click"的目的是为了鼓励读者使用SKATING LAND，故选D。
【难度】3
18．（3分）Cast of Characters：Narrator；Villager；Shoemaker；Coyote，Beekeeper.
Narrator：Coyote is a trickster.He loves to disobey the rules and play tricks on people.
Villager：Coyote，you are always scaring our farm animals.It's time for you to stop!
Narrator：The villagers decide to catch Coyote and lock him up.But Coyote has confidence in himself.He knows that if he does a good deed，the villagers will not want to catch him.
Coyote：Shoemaker，I can help you.
Shoemaker：How？
Coyote：I see you have made some special shoes for Beekeeper's daughter.
Shoemaker：That's right.She will wear them for a ceremony at school.She is going to graduate this year.
Coyote：I will deliver the shoes to Beekeeper for you.
Narrator：So Coyote takes the shoes and heads to Beekeeper's house.He hopes the villagers will want to reward him for his kindness.Suddenly，Coyote sees Beekeeper coming down the path carrying a big pot.On the font is a picture of a bee.
Coyote：That bee is a symbol.There must be honey（蜂蜜）in that pot.Yum!
Narrator：Coyote waits patiently for Beekeeper.Then Coyote drops the shoes to distract Beekeeper.
Beekeeper：Why are these shoes on the ground？
Narrator：When Beekeeper puts down her pot of honey，Coyote quickly grabs it and eats some honey.
Coyote：Mmm.Sticky and delicious.Wait，what's this？A fly（苍蝇）is stuck on my snout!
Narrator：Coyote rolls on the ground to get the fly off but his sticky fur gets covered with twigs and leaves.Some villagers see Coyote and think he is a monster.They run away.
Villager：There was a monster covered in leaves and sticks.Where did it go？
Coyote：That was no monster It was I，Sticky Coyote.I was covered with honey and dried leaves.
Narrator：When Coyote tells them what he has done，the villagers laugh.
Villager：What would we do without you，Coyote？You make us laugh.Of course you can stay in our village.
Coyote：Thank you，friends.I am happy to stay.I will try not to cause so much trouble.
Narrator：Since then，Coyote often helps the villagers.He even protects them sometimes.Every now and then，however he still loves to play a good trick.
（1）What is Narrator's task in the play？
A.Explaining the story.
B.Writing the script.
C.Directing the characters.
D.Making the video.
（2）What does the underlined word "deliver" in the play mean？
A.Return.
B.Post.
C.Lend.
D.Take.
（3）Why can Coyote stay in the village at last？
A.He brings fun to the villagers.
B.He plays tricks on the villagers.
C.The villagers catch him and lock him up.
D.The villager speed his help and protection.
【答案】ADA
【考点】应用文；日常生活．
【分析】短文主要讲述了一个名叫Coyote的狡猾角色，他喜欢违反规则和恶作剧。村民们决定抓住他并锁起来，但Coyote对自己充满信心，认为如果他做了一件好事，村民们就不会想抓他。于是，他帮助鞋匠送鞋给养蜂人的女儿，但在途中偷吃了蜂蜜，结果弄得一身黏糊糊的，被误认为是怪物。最后，当Coyote向村民们解释后，他们笑了，并允许他留在村里。从此，Coyote经常帮助村民，偶尔还会玩些小把戏。
【解答】（1）推理判断题。根据Narrator：Coyote is a trickster.He loves to disobey the rules and play tricks on people.（旁白：Coyote是个捣蛋鬼，他喜欢不守规矩，喜欢捉弄人。）可知Narrator（旁白）的作用是解释故事发展。故选A。（2）词义猜测题。根据Coyote：I will deliver the shoes to Beekeeper for you.Narrator：So Coyote takes the shoes and heads to Beekeeper's house.（Coyote：我帮你把鞋送到养蜂人家。旁白：于是，Coyote拿着鞋去了养蜂人家。）可知划线词在此处表示"拿，送"。故选D。（3）推理判断题。根据You make us laugh.Of course you can stay in our village.（你让我们笑了。当然，你可以住在我们村里。）可知他使村民开心，所以他可以留在村子里。故选A。
【难度】3
19．（4分）Ryan and Ahmed sat on their bicycles at the start of the cyclocross course.Ahmed had been competing in cyclocross for three years，but this was Ryan's first race.He wished he could remember everything Ahmed had taught him.
Ryan reviewed the last six months in his mind.From the moment Ahmed had first asked whether he would like to try the sport，Ryan had been excited.Ahmed helped Ryan find safety gear He also explained the importance of practising and set up a plan for the two friends to practise together.
Practising was hard.Ryan soon grew bored with working on the same skills over and over.He was ready to race!Ryan ended up skipping（不参加）many of the practices.When Ryan did go to practices，he spent more time doing tricks with his bike than be did listening to Ahmed's tips.
"Now the real fun begins，"Ryan thought as he sat at the starting line.
"You need to get serious，"Ahmed warned."Cyclocross can be dangerous."
Bang!The starting gun went off The boys rushed off the starting line.Ryan saw the first obstacle（障碍）ahead.It was a series of small hurdles.
"Here I go!"Ryan shouted when he reached the hurdles.He jumped off his bike and landed hard on his foot.Next，he had to get his bike onto his shoulder.Ryan could not remember what Ahmed said about shouldering the bike.He tried to pick it up by the wheels but dropped.Finally，he got his bike off the ground As he ran，he tied to balance the bike on his shoulder.The bike was heavy，and his ankle hurt.Before he knew it，he was lying face﹣down in the mud.
"Are you okay？"Ryan heard his friend ask.Ahmed reached down to help Ryan.Ryan was thankful that Ahmed cared more about him than about the race.He caught Ahmed's hand and stood.
"Ouch!"Ryan cried.It hurt to put weight on his ankle."You were right，Ahmed.Cyclocross is about more than strength and speed.Can we spend a few more months training together？I want to finish my next cyclocross race!"
（1）What's the main purpose of Paragraph 3？
A.To provide more information about cyclocross.
B.To show Ryan's efforts in practising cyclocross.
C.To introduce the safety rules of the cyclocross race.
D.To leave clues about why Ryan failed in the cyclocross race.
（2）Which of the following best describes Ahmed？
A.Curious but lazy.
B.Friendly but impatient.
C.Organized and helpful.
D.Confident and humorous.
（3）What may happen next according to the passage？
A.Ryan will end his friendship with Ahmed.
B.Ryan will become serious and train harder.
C.Ryan will skip more of the cyclocross practices.
D.Ryan will certainly win the next cyclocross race.
（4）What can be the best title for the passage？
A.Safety First，Friendship Second
B.Cyclocross—Strength and Speed
C.A Lesson Learned the Hard Way
D.Six Months Spent on the Practice
【答案】DCBC
【考点】记叙文；日常生活．
【分析】本文主要讲了Ryan第一次参加自行车越野赛，由于不认真练习，最终在自行车比赛中失败的故事。最后，Ryan决定吸取教训，认真努力地训练，完成下一次自行车比赛。
【解答】（1）段落大意题。根据第3段Ryan soon grew bored with working on the same skills over and over.（Ryan很快就厌倦了一遍又一遍地练习同样的技能。）和Ryan ended up skipping（不参加）many of the practices.（Ryan最终没有参加许多练习。）及倒数第3段Before he knew it，he was lying face﹣down in the mud.（他还没反应过来，就脸朝下躺在泥里了。）可知，第3段主要介绍了Ryan不认真练习，为他在自行车比赛中失败埋下了伏笔。故选D。（2）推理判断题。根据第5段 "You need to get serious，"Ahmed warned."（Ahmed警告说："你需要认真对待。"）和倒数第2段 "Are you okay？"Ryan heard his friend ask.Ahmed reached down to help Ryan.Ryan was thankful that Ahmed cared more about him than about the race.He caught Ahmed's hand and stood.（"你还好吗？"Ryan听到他的朋友问。Ahmed伸手去帮助Ryan。Ryan很感激Ahmed对他的关心超过了对比赛的关心。他抓住Ahmed的手站了起来。）可推知，Ahmed是一个做事有条理，乐于助人的人。故选C。（3）推理判断题。根据最后一段Can we spend a few more months training together？I want to finish my next cyclocross race!（我们能再一起训练几个月吗？我想完成我的下一次自行车比赛!）可推知，Ryan会变得更认真，更加努力地训练。故选B。（4）标题归纳题。通读全文可知，本文主要讲了Ryan第一次参加自行车越野赛，由于不认真练习，最终在自行车比赛中失败的故事。最后，Ryan决定吸取教训，认真努力地训练，完成下一次自行车比赛。故选项C"一次惨痛的教训"符合题意，故选C。
【难度】3
20．（5分） You can volunteer with three or four friends to do a team experiment（实验）.First，you need to know a little about the water cycle.The water cycle starts when the sun heats ocean water.The sun converts，or changes，the water into water vapor（蒸气）.The sun and wind cause the water vapor to rise into the air.Water vapor cools off in the atmosphere（大气层），or the air that surrounds Earth.Then it changes to drops of water.The drops then cluster，or hold together forming a cloud.
The water in the cloud falls as rain or snow.It may fall back into the ocean，or it may fall on land.If it falls on land，it finally works its way back to the ocean as a water overflow called runoff.As you begin your experiment，remember this amazing fact.The amount of water on Earth now is the same as it was in the past and will be in the future.About 71% of Earth's surface is water.This includes not only the water in oceans，rivers，and lakes.It also includes the water in clouds，rain，snow，and groundwater and in the icy areas at the North and South Poles.
Now make a model of the water cycle with a partner or small group.Use the instructions below：
●Fill cup about halfway with water.
●Add red food color to the water and stir.
●Use the marker to show water level.
●Put the cup in the bag and sea lit.
●Put the bag in a sunny window.
After you finish making the water cycle model，watch carefully what happens to the water in the cup.Check the mark showing the water level.You should see that the water level becomes gradually lower.You should also begin to see small drops of water on the sides and bottom of the bag.The water is evaporating（蒸发）from the heat and then changing from the gas created by evaporating to water drops on the sides of the bag.The drops rundown the sides and will begin to collect at the bottom.This is what happens when the sun heats the ocean.Water vapor rises and forms clouds.The drops running down the sides of the bag are like rain filling on Earth.
（1）In which part does "runoff "appear in the picture？
The Water Cycle
（2）What does the underlined word "This" in Paragraph 3 mean？
A.Earth's surface.
B.The water on Earth.
C.Your experiment.
D.This amazing fact.
（3）How does the writer introduce the way of making the water cycle model？
A.By showing the steps in order.
B.By explaining cause and effect.
C.By comparing and contrasting.
D.By providing the examples in detail.
（4）What can we learn from the experiment？
A.Successful experiments need a lot of time and hard work.
B.Simple experiments can also help understand science well.
C.Students do the experiment in order to show their team spirit.
D.Students know the amount of water on Earth from the experiment.
（5）From which is the passage most probably taken？
A.A storybook.
B.A book review.
C.A science magazine.
D.A tourist guide.
【答案】DBABC
【考点】说明文；科普知识．
【分析】本文介绍了水循环的过程，并指导如何通过实验模拟这一过程。
【解答】（1）推理判断题。根据第2段中The water in the cloud falls as rain or snow.It may fall back into the ocean，or it may fall on land.If it falls on land，it finally works its way back to the ocean as a water overflow called runoff.（云中的水以雨或雪的形式降落。它可能会掉回大海，也可能会掉到陆地上。如果它降落在陆地上，它最终会作为一种称为径流的溢流返回海洋。）并结合图片，可知"径流"出现在图片的D部分，故选D。（2）代词指代题。根据第2段中About 71% of Earth's surface is water.This includes not only the water in oceans，rivers，and lakes.（地球表面约71%是水。这不仅包括海洋、河流和湖泊中的水。）可知带下划线的单词"This"意思是"地球上的水"，故选B。（3）推理判断题。根据第3段中Now make a model of the water cycle with a partner or small group.Use the instructions below：（现在与合作伙伴或小组一起制作一个水循环模型。使用以下说明：）可知作者按顺序显示步骤介绍水循环模型的制作方法，故选A。（4）推理判断题。通读全文可知，本文介绍如何制作水循环模型及其方法，所以我们能从实验中学到简单的实验也有助于更好地理解科学，故选B。（5）推理判断题。通读全文可知，本文介绍如何制作水循环模型及其方法，所以本文可能来自一本科学杂志，故选C。
【难度】3
四、填空 A)请根据括号中所给的汉语写出单词，使句子意思完整正确
21．（1分）In Nanjing，some "pocket parks"have become good places for people to take a （散步）.
【答案】walk
【考点】名词作主宾表补定．
【分析】在南京，一些"口袋公园"已经成为人们散步的好地方。
【解答】散步walk，是名词；take a walk散步，是动词短语，在a后面用名词的单数形式，作宾语。故答案为：walk。
【难度】3
22．（1分）Citizens like climbing Zijin Mountain to enjoy the （新鲜的）air.
【答案】fresh
【考点】形容词作定语．
【分析】市民喜欢爬紫金山去呼吸新鲜空气。
【解答】fresh新鲜的，形容词作定语修饰名词air（空气）。故答案为：fresh。
【难度】3
23．（1分）The local people behave （礼貌地）and impress the tourists a lot.
【答案】politely
【考点】副词修饰动词．
【分析】当地人举止礼貌，给游客留下了深刻的印象。
【解答】根据汉语提示"礼貌地"可知应填入politely，作状语修饰动词behave（表现）。故答案为：politely。
【难度】3
24．（1分）The rapid development of public transport helps people to （节省）much time on the trip.
【答案】save
【考点】及物动词．
【分析】公共交通的快速发展帮助人们在旅途中节省了很多时间。
【解答】节省save，是动词；help sb to do sth帮助某人做某事，是固定搭配，在不定式符号to后面要用动词原形。故答案为：save。
【难度】3
25．（1分）Nanjing，the ancient capital of six dynasties，is the （骄傲）of the people living here.
【答案】pride
【考点】不可数名词．
【分析】南京，六朝古都，是生活在这里的人们引以为豪的地方。
【解答】骄傲pride，是不可数名词，在系动词is后面作表语。故答案为：pride。
【难度】3
B)请根据句子意思，用括号中所给单词的适当形式填空。
26．（1分）Reading is always a （meaning）time and I really enjoy it.
【答案】meaningful
【考点】形容词作定语．
【分析】阅读总是一段有意义的时光，我真的很享受。
【解答】meaning意思，名词；根据空格后的time（时光），可知填形容词meaningful（有意义的）修饰名词，作定语。故答案为：meaningful。
【难度】3
27．（1分）I prefer reading e﹣books because they are much （light）than paper ones.
【答案】lighter
【考点】形容词的比较级．
【分析】我更喜欢读电子书，因为它们比纸质书轻得多。
【解答】light轻的，形容词，根据than（比）可知用比较级。故答案为：lighter。
【难度】3
28．（1分）My teachers provide many （suggestion）for interesting reading materials.
【答案】suggestions
【考点】可数名词及其单复数．
【分析】我的老师为有趣的阅读材料提供了许多建议。
【解答】suggestion建议，是可数名词；在many（很多）后面用复数形式，作宾语。故答案为：suggestions。
【难度】3
29．（1分）A book review can often tell me whether a book is worth （read）or not.
【答案】reading
【考点】动名词的一般式．
【分析】书评经常能告诉我一本书是否值得读。
【解答】read读，动词。根据be worth doing sth.值得做某事，可知此处填动名词。故答案为：reading。
【难度】3
30．（1分）Last weekend， （hundred）of students joined in the reading activity at the foot of the ancient Ming City Wall.
【答案】hundreds
【考点】hundred，thousand，million等词的用法．
【分析】上个周末，几百个学生在明代古城墙的脚下参加了阅读活动。
【解答】hundred百。当hundred（百）与数词连用时，表示一个具体的数目，不用复数形式；当hundred与"of+复数名词"连用时，表示一个多而不具体的数字，用复数形式hundreds。根据空格后的of students可知空格处填hundreds。故答案为：hundreds。
【难度】3
C）请根据对话内容，从下面方框中选择遁当的单词或短语填空，使对话内客完整正确
31．（5分）
try；later；surprise；enjoy lanterns；For example |
Tony：Happy Spring Festival，Wei Huo.Here's your gift.
Wei Hua：Oh，what a （1） !Thank you，Tony.
Tony：You can open it.
Wei Hua：I don't think I should open it now.In China，we open a gift （2） .
Tony：That's interesting.Tell me more about Chinese so traditions.
Wei Hua：There are a lot.（3） ，on the first day of the Spring Festival，we mustn't break anything.It's bad luck.
Tony：I'm really interested!
Wei Hua：The celebration lasts fifteen days，and on the final day，people usually go out to（4） .
Tony：So，anywhere in Nanjing to do that？
Wei Hua：In Confucius Temple.You can also （5） lots of local snacks there.
Tony：Fantastic!
【答案】（1）surprise（2）later（3）For example（4）enjoy lanterns（5）try
【考点】描述．
【分析】本文介绍了中国送礼物的传统以及春节的一些庆祝活动。
【解答】（1）考查名词。句意：真实惊喜啊！根据上文Here's your gift.（这是你的礼物。）可知此处表示惊讶。What a后面需用名词。故填surprise。（2）考查副词。句意：在中国，我们迟一点打开礼物。根据上文I don't think I should open it now.In China，we open a gift （我不认为我现在应该打开它。在中国，我们打开礼物）可知此处指在中国晚点再打开礼物。故填later。（3）考查固定短语。句意：例如，在春节的第一天，我们不能打破东西。根据下文on the first day of the Spring Festival，we mustn't break anything（在春节的第一天，我们不能打破东西）可知此处举例中国传统。故填For example。（4）考查动词短语。句意：庆祝活动持续15天，在最后一天人们通常出去赏灯。根据句意和备选词，可知此处指在春节最后一天出去赏灯。故填enjoy lanterns。（5）考查动词。句意：你也可以在那里尝试许多当地小吃。根据下文lots of local snacks there（在那里许多当地小吃）可知此处指尝试当地小吃。故填try。
【难度】5
五、阅读填空A）请认真阅读下面短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中填入一个最恰当的单词。注意：每个空格只填1个单词。
32．（10分） Project﹣based learning，or PBL，is a teaching method in which students work on a project with the goal（目标）of answering a real﹣world question or solving a practical problem.PBL requires students to use skills such as critical thinking，problem solving，creativity，and collaboration.Moreover，students are proud of their work because they will need to present their ideas to an audience（观众）.PBL leads to the creation of a product.An important part of PBL is audience feedback and comments（评论）.
PBL can fit into any subject area in social studies，for example，students can research the history and culture of their community，exploring a festival for the community，which includes traditional costumes，food，art，and music.
In maths，students can make a quilt（被子）with symbols of their community's heritage.This project joins knowledge of geometry，art，and history together.It would require maths skills to measure the material used to make the quilt.The quilt could be displayed at a country fair or a school meeting.In language arts，students could team up with a school from a different culture.First of all，they could exchange information through a class website.Then they could pack items that represent their school or culture.Students would give a description of each item and why it is relevant.Finally，the students could exchange the packages through the mainland ask follow﹣up questions about the items they received.
In science，students could research plants，and they could use their findings to build a habitat（栖息地）in the school garden.This may include removing weeds，adding plants to attract butterflies，and building bird feeders.
An important part of PBL is that failure is understood to be a basic part of the learning process.One of the goals of PBL is to make efforts productively and work through problems.All schools and educators should accept PBL!
Project﹣based Learning
Introduction |
PBL requires students to work on a （1） by solving a practical problem.The audience feedback and comments make a （2） to it. |
（3） of practical use in some subjects |
Students can research the history and culture of their community through a traditional （4） for it |
Maths skills and knowledge of some （5） subjects can be joined together by making a quilt and displaying it in （6） can bring more advantages. |
|
To improve language skills，students from different cultures can pack and （7） items，and then exchange them for further communication. |
|
Building a habitat can help students put their findings from the research into （8） . |
|
Conclusion |
PBL encourages students to learn through problems.It's acceptable that one might be（9） to complete some task in the learning process.So it's hoped that PBL will be （10） with all schools and educators. |
【答案】（1）project（2）difference（3）Examples（4）festival（5）other （6）public（7）describe（8）practice（9）unable（10）popular
【考点】说明文；科普知识．
【分析】本文讲述了基于项目的学习或PBL是一种教学方法，在这种方法中，学生从事一个项目，目标是回答现实世界中的问题或解决实际问题。PBL要求学生运用批判性思维、解决问题、创造力和协作等技能。此外，学生对他们的工作感到自豪，因为他们需要向观众展示自己的想法。PBL导致了一种产品的产生。PBL的一个重要部分是观众的反馈和评论。
【解答】（1）细节理解题。根据第一段Project﹣based learning，or PBL，is a teaching method in which students work on a project with the goal（目标）of answering a real﹣world question or solving a practical problem.（基于项目的学习（PBL）是一种教学方法，在这种方法中，学生以回答现实世界的问题或解决实际问题为目标开展项目。）可知此处指项目，project"项目"。故填project。（2）细节理解题。根据第一段An important part of PBL is audience feedback and comments（评论）.（PBL 的一个重要部分是观众的反馈和评论。）可知观众的反馈和评论对PBL产生影响。make a difference to对......产生影响，固定短语。故填difference。（3）细节理解题。根据第二段PBL can fit into any subject area in social studies，for example，students can research the history and culture of their community，exploring a festival for the community，which includes traditional costumes，food，art，and music.（PBL可以融入社会研究的任何学科领域，例如，学生可以研究他们社区的历史和文化，探索社区的节日，包括传统服饰、食物、艺术和音乐。）和后面的内容，可知，这里为例子，为example，用复数形式，首字母需要大写。故答案为：Examples。（4）细节理解题。根据第二段PBL can fit into any subject area in social studies，for example，students can research the history and culture of their community，exploring a festival for the community，which includes traditional costumes，food，art，and music.（PBL可以融入社会研究的任何学科领域，例如，学生可以研究他们社区的历史和文化，探索社区的节日，包括传统服饰、食物、艺术和音乐。）可知，学生可以通过传统节日来研究他们社区的历史和文化，festival"节日"，前有不定冠词a，故用其单数形式。故答案为：festival。（5）细节理解题。根据第三段In maths，students can make a quilt（被子）with symbols of their community's heritage.This project joins knowledge of geometry，art，and history together.It would require maths skills to measure the material used to make the quilt.The quilt could be displayed at a country fair or a school meeting.（在数学课上，学生可以用他们社区的传统符号做一床被子。这个项目将几何、艺术和历史知识结合在一起。测量用于制作被子的材料需要数学技能。这种被子可以在乡村集市或学校会议上展示。）可知，通过做一床被子并在公众面前展示，可以将数学技能和其他学科的知识结合起来，带来更多好处，other"其他的"。故答案为：other。（6）细节理解题。根据第三段In maths，students can make a quilt（被子）with symbols of their community's heritage.This project joins knowledge of geometry，art，and history together.It would require maths skills to measure the material used to make the quilt.The quilt could be displayed at a country fair or a school meeting.（在数学课上，学生可以用他们社区的传统符号做一床被子。这个项目将几何、艺术和历史知识结合在一起。测量用于制作被子的材料需要数学技能。这种被子可以在乡村集市或学校会议上展示。）可知，通过做一床被子并在公众面前展示，可以将数学技能和其他学科的知识结合起来，带来更多好处。in public"公共场合"。故答案为：public。（7）细节理解题。根据第三段In language arts，students could team up with a school from a different culture First of all，they could exchange information through a class website.Then they could pack items that represent their school or culture.Students would give a description of each item and why it is relevant.Finally，the students could exchange the packages through the mainland ask follow﹣up questions about the items they received.（在语言艺术方面，学生可以与来自不同文化的学校合作。首先，他们可以通过班级网站交换信息。然后他们可以打包代表他们学校或文化的物品。学生将对每一项进行描述，并说明为什么与此相关。最后，学生可以通过大陆交换包裹，并就他们收到的物品提出后续问题。）可知，为了提高语言技能，来自不同文化的学生可以打包并描述物品，然后交换物品以进行进一步交流。describe"描述"，情态动词can后跟动词原形。故答案为：describe。（8）细节理解题。根据第四段In science，students could research plants，and they could use their findings to build a habitat（栖息地）in the school garden.This may include removing weeds，adding plants to attract butterflies，and building bird feeders.（在科学课上，学生可以研究植物，他们可以利用他们的发现在学校花园里建造一个栖息地。这可能包括清除杂草，增加植物以吸引蝴蝶，以及建造喂鸟器。）可知，建造一个栖息地可以帮助学生将他们的研究成果付诸实践。practice"实践"，为不可数名词。故答案为：practice。（9）细节理解题。根据第五段An important part of PBL is that failure is understood to be a basic part of the learning process.One of the goals of PBL is to make efforts productively and work through problems.All schools and educators should accept PBL!（PBL的一个重要部分是，失败被理解为学习过程的一个基本部分。PBL的目标之一是做出富有成效的努力并解决问题。所有的学校和教育工作者都应该接受PBL！）可知，PBL鼓励学生在问题中学习。一个人在学习过程中可能无法完成某些任务是可以接受的。所以希望PBL会受到所有学校和教育工作者的欢迎。unable"不能的"。故答案为：unable。（10）细节理解题。根据第五段An important part of PBL is that failure is understood to be a basic part of the learning process.One of the goals of PBL is to make efforts productively and work through problems.All schools and educators should accept PBL!（PBL的一个重要部分是，失败被理解为学习过程的一个基本部分。PBL的目标之一是做出富有成效的努力并解决问题。所有的学校和教育工作者都应该接受PBL！）可知，PBL鼓励学生在问题中学习。一个人在学习过程中可能无法完成某些任务是可以接受的。所以希望PBL会受到所有学校和教育工作者的欢迎。popular"受欢迎的"。故答案为：popular。
【难度】5
B）请根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词
33．（10分） An excerpt（节选）from the famous classic novel Alice in Wonderland reads as follows："Would you tell me，please，which way I ought to go from here？"asked Alice.
"That d（1） a great deal on where you want to get to，"said the Cheshire Cat.
"I don't much care where!"said Alice.
"Then it doesn't matter which way you go，"replied the cat.
Most of us are l（2） Alice in the above dialogue.We don't have a specific（明确的）idea of where we want to r（3） and what we want to become in life.It is said that"Good luck is the r（4） of good planning"and"Well planned is half done".To plan means to look ahead and design f（5） courses of action to be followed.Decide what （6）e you want to achieve and plan in detail when and how you are going to do a specific activity.According to Koontz & O'Donell，"Planning is d（7） what to do，how to do and who is to do it in advance（事先）.Planning works as a b（8） between where we are and where we want to go.It makes possible things happen，which wouldn't otherwise happen."
So start p（9） yourselves for your future plans right away.Plan your present well so you would have nothing to r（10） in future.Now it's time for you to take important decisions!
【答案】（1）depends（2）like（3）reach（4）result（5）future（6）exactly（7）deciding（8）bridge（9）preparing（10）regret
【考点】诗歌/小说；文学．
【分析】《爱丽丝梦游仙境》中的一段对话揭示了许多人在生活中的迷茫状态，没有明确的目标和计划。文中提到，好运和成功往往源于良好的规划，强调了提前规划的重要性。规划被比喻为现在与未来目标之间的桥梁，能促使原本不可能的事情成为可能。因此，作者鼓励读者立即开始为自己的未来制定计划，以免将来后悔。
【解答】（1）考查动词。句意：这在很大程度上取决于你想去哪里。depend on取决于，固定短语。根据全文时态一致原则，可知本句用一般现在时。主语是单数，谓语动词用第三人称单数。故填depends。（2）考查介词。句意：我们中的大多人都像上面对话中的爱丽丝。be like像，固定短语。故填like。（3）考查动词。句意：我们没有一个具体的想法，不知道自己想要到达哪里，想要成为什么样的人。根据where we want to（我们想去哪里）可知此处指到达哪里，且不定式to后面需用动词原形。故填reach。（4）考查名词。句意：俗话说："好的计划才能带来好的运气"，"计划得好，事情就成功了一半"。result结果，名词，符合题意。故填result。（5）考查名词。句意：计划是指展望未来，设计未来要采取的行动方针。To plan （计划）可知不定式表示将来。故填future。（6）考查副词。句意：决定你想要实现的具体目标，并详细计划何时以及如何开展具体活动。exactly确实地，确切地，符合题意。故填exactly。（7）考查现在分词。句意：计划就是事先决定做什么、怎么做以及由谁来做。根据句意和首字母可知此处指决定，be动词后面用现在分词。故填deciding。（8）考查名词。句意：规划是连接我们现在和未来的桥梁。根据句意和首字母可知此处指桥梁。故填bridge。（9）考查动名词。句意：因此，请立即开始为你们的未来计划做准备吧。start doing开始做，prepare for为......做准备。故填preparing。（10）考查动词。句意：规划好现在，将来才不会后悔。不定式后面需用动词原形。根据句意和首字母可知此处指后悔。故填regret。
【难度】5
六、书面表达
34．（15分）请根据英文校刊English Garden中Teens Talk栏目的征稿内容，用英语写一篇短文。
ARTICLES WANTED! In your life，you might meet with some difficulties.Choose one difficulty and write an article about how you dealt with it and what you have learnt from this experience.Please share your article with us and we will publish the best ones in our magazine. |
注意：
（1）内容涵盖所有要点，全文连贯通顺。
（2）词数80左右（已给出的文章开头，不计入总词数）。
（3）文中不得提及有关考生个人身份的任何信息，如校名、人名等。
I once met with a difficulty in my life.________
【答案】I once met with a difficulty in my life.It is so special that I will never forget the experience that I overcame my shyness and become confident.
I still remember when I came to the new school，things didn't go on as smoothly as I expected.I was afraid to speak English in public.In order to solve this dilemma，I took part in English﹣speaking clubs which is meaningful.As time went by I became outgoing than before and made many friends who have the same interest as me.
As the saying goes，"Where there is a will，there is a way."When you are in trouble，don't give up
【考点】记叙文；日常生活．
【分析】【高分句型一】
In order to solve this dilemma，I took part in English﹣speaking clubs which is meaningful.为了解决这个困境，我参加了英语俱乐部，这很有意义。which引导的定语从句。
【高分句型二】
When you are in trouble，don't give up!当你遇到麻烦时，不要放弃！When引导的时间状语从句。
【解答】I once met with a difficulty in my life.It is so special that I will never forget the experience that I overcame my shyness and become confident.I still remember when I came to the new school，things didn't go on as smoothly as I expected.I was afraid to speak English in public.In order to solve this dilemma，I took part in English﹣speaking clubs which is meaningful.【高分句型一】As time went by I became outgoing than before and made many friends who have the same interest as me.（问题和如何克服的：我还记得当我来到新学校时，事情并没有我想象的那么顺利。我害怕在公共场合说英语。为了解决这个困境，我参加了英语俱乐部，这很有意义。随着时间的推移，我变得比以前外向了，结交了很多和我有同样兴趣的朋友。）As the saying goes，"Where there is a will，there is a way."When you are in trouble，don't give up!【高分句型二】
【难度】5