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【334968】南宁市2020-2021学年九年级化学上册期末试卷

时间:2025-01-30 09:17:20 作者: 字数:11551字
简介:

2020-2021学年广西南宁九年级上化学期末试卷

一、选择题

 

1. 空气中含量约为 <a href="/tags/54/" title="试卷" class="c1" target="_blank">试卷</a> <a href="/tags/255/" title="学年" class="c1" target="_blank">学年</a> <a href="/tags/1159/" title="化学" class="c1" target="_blank">化学</a> <a href="/tags/1489/" title="南宁" class="c1" target="_blank">南宁</a> 的气体是(

A.氧气 B.氮气 C.稀有气体 D.二氧化碳

 

2. 下列实验室的聊天中,涉及化学变化的是(

A.灯泡:通电后我发光,带来光明

B.试管:同学们不爱惜我,我被摔碎了

C.白磷:我在空气中自燃了

D.蜡烛:受热我就会熔化

 

3.  <a href="/tags/54/" title="试卷" class="c1" target="_blank">试卷</a> <a href="/tags/255/" title="学年" class="c1" target="_blank">学年</a> <a href="/tags/1159/" title="化学" class="c1" target="_blank">化学</a> <a href="/tags/1489/" title="南宁" class="c1" target="_blank">南宁</a> 年世界环境日中国主题是“蓝天保卫战,我是行动者”。下列做法符合此主题的是(

A.垃圾分类回收 B.燃放烟花爆竹 C.提倡毁林造田 D.随意焚烧秸秆

 

4. 紫薯(如图)富含淀粉、蛋白质、维生素、钾、铁、钙、硒等,具有特殊的保健功能。其中的钾、铁、钙、硒指的是(       )
 <a href="/tags/54/" title="试卷" class="c1" target="_blank">试卷</a> <a href="/tags/255/" title="学年" class="c1" target="_blank">学年</a> <a href="/tags/1159/" title="化学" class="c1" target="_blank">化学</a> <a href="/tags/1489/" title="南宁" class="c1" target="_blank">南宁</a>  <a href="/tags/54/" title="试卷" class="c1" target="_blank">试卷</a> <a href="/tags/255/" title="学年" class="c1" target="_blank">学年</a> <a href="/tags/1159/" title="化学" class="c1" target="_blank">化学</a> <a href="/tags/1489/" title="南宁" class="c1" target="_blank">南宁</a>

A.原子 B.单质 C.元素 D.分子

 

5.  <a href="/tags/54/" title="试卷" class="c1" target="_blank">试卷</a> <a href="/tags/255/" title="学年" class="c1" target="_blank">学年</a> <a href="/tags/1159/" title="化学" class="c1" target="_blank">化学</a> <a href="/tags/1489/" title="南宁" class="c1" target="_blank">南宁</a> 是一种新型材料,它的硬度比金刚石还大,可用切割工具.在 <a href="/tags/54/" title="试卷" class="c1" target="_blank">试卷</a> <a href="/tags/255/" title="学年" class="c1" target="_blank">学年</a> <a href="/tags/1159/" title="化学" class="c1" target="_blank">化学</a> <a href="/tags/1489/" title="南宁" class="c1" target="_blank">南宁</a> <a href="/tags/54/" title="试卷" class="c1" target="_blank">试卷</a> <a href="/tags/255/" title="学年" class="c1" target="_blank">学年</a> <a href="/tags/1159/" title="化学" class="c1" target="_blank">化学</a> <a href="/tags/1489/" title="南宁" class="c1" target="_blank">南宁</a> 元素的化合价为 <a href="/tags/54/" title="试卷" class="c1" target="_blank">试卷</a> <a href="/tags/255/" title="学年" class="c1" target="_blank">学年</a> <a href="/tags/1159/" title="化学" class="c1" target="_blank">化学</a> <a href="/tags/1489/" title="南宁" class="c1" target="_blank">南宁</a> ,则 <a href="/tags/54/" title="试卷" class="c1" target="_blank">试卷</a> <a href="/tags/255/" title="学年" class="c1" target="_blank">学年</a> <a href="/tags/1159/" title="化学" class="c1" target="_blank">化学</a> <a href="/tags/1489/" title="南宁" class="c1" target="_blank">南宁</a> 元素的化合价是(

A. <a href="/tags/54/" title="试卷" class="c1" target="_blank">试卷</a> <a href="/tags/255/" title="学年" class="c1" target="_blank">学年</a> <a href="/tags/1159/" title="化学" class="c1" target="_blank">化学</a> <a href="/tags/1489/" title="南宁" class="c1" target="_blank">南宁</a> B. <a href="/tags/54/" title="试卷" class="c1" target="_blank">试卷</a> <a href="/tags/255/" title="学年" class="c1" target="_blank">学年</a> <a href="/tags/1159/" title="化学" class="c1" target="_blank">化学</a> <a href="/tags/1489/" title="南宁" class="c1" target="_blank">南宁</a> C. <a href="/tags/54/" title="试卷" class="c1" target="_blank">试卷</a> <a href="/tags/255/" title="学年" class="c1" target="_blank">学年</a> <a href="/tags/1159/" title="化学" class="c1" target="_blank">化学</a> <a href="/tags/1489/" title="南宁" class="c1" target="_blank">南宁</a> D. <a href="/tags/54/" title="试卷" class="c1" target="_blank">试卷</a> <a href="/tags/255/" title="学年" class="c1" target="_blank">学年</a> <a href="/tags/1159/" title="化学" class="c1" target="_blank">化学</a> <a href="/tags/1489/" title="南宁" class="c1" target="_blank">南宁</a>

 

6. 对下列事实的微观解释不正确的是(

A.湿衣服晾在太阳底下干得快-温度升高,分子运动速率加快

B. <a href="/tags/54/" title="试卷" class="c1" target="_blank">试卷</a> <a href="/tags/255/" title="学年" class="c1" target="_blank">学年</a> <a href="/tags/1159/" title="化学" class="c1" target="_blank">化学</a> <a href="/tags/1489/" title="南宁" class="c1" target="_blank">南宁</a> 氧气在加压的情况下可装入容积为 <a href="/tags/54/" title="试卷" class="c1" target="_blank">试卷</a> <a href="/tags/255/" title="学年" class="c1" target="_blank">学年</a> <a href="/tags/1159/" title="化学" class="c1" target="_blank">化学</a> <a href="/tags/1489/" title="南宁" class="c1" target="_blank">南宁</a> 钢瓶中一一氧分子变小了

C.氧化汞受热后分解-分子在化学变化中可分

D.氧气支持燃烧,氮气不支持燃烧-不同种分子化学性质不同

 

7. 下列实验操作正确的是(       )

A. <a href="/tags/54/" title="试卷" class="c1" target="_blank">试卷</a> <a href="/tags/255/" title="学年" class="c1" target="_blank">学年</a> <a href="/tags/1159/" title="化学" class="c1" target="_blank">化学</a> <a href="/tags/1489/" title="南宁" class="c1" target="_blank">南宁</a>   倾倒液体 B. <a href="/tags/54/" title="试卷" class="c1" target="_blank">试卷</a> <a href="/tags/255/" title="学年" class="c1" target="_blank">学年</a> <a href="/tags/1159/" title="化学" class="c1" target="_blank">化学</a> <a href="/tags/1489/" title="南宁" class="c1" target="_blank">南宁</a>   滴加溶液
C. <a href="/tags/54/" title="试卷" class="c1" target="_blank">试卷</a> <a href="/tags/255/" title="学年" class="c1" target="_blank">学年</a> <a href="/tags/1159/" title="化学" class="c1" target="_blank">化学</a> <a href="/tags/1489/" title="南宁" class="c1" target="_blank">南宁</a> 放入铁钉 D. <a href="/tags/54/" title="试卷" class="c1" target="_blank">试卷</a> <a href="/tags/255/" title="学年" class="c1" target="_blank">学年</a> <a href="/tags/1159/" title="化学" class="c1" target="_blank">化学</a> <a href="/tags/1489/" title="南宁" class="c1" target="_blank">南宁</a>   熄灭酒精灯


 

8. 强化安全意识提升安全素养。下列做法不正确的是(

A.实验室酒精灯中酒精洒出着火,立即用湿抹布盖灭

B.天然气泄漏,立即关闭阀门并开窗通风

C.高楼住宅发生火灾时,如果楼内有电梯,则迅速使用电梯逃生

D.发生火灾时,用湿毛巾捂住口鼻,蹲下靠近地面,迅速离开火灾现场

 

9. 下列实验现象描述正确的是(        )

A.蜡烛在空气中燃烧生成二氧化碳和水

B.硫在空气中燃烧发出明亮的蓝紫色火焰

C.氢气在空气中燃烧产生淡蓝色火焰

D.木炭在空气中剧烈燃烧,发出白光

 

10. 下列说法不能用质量守恒定律解释的是(

A.细铁丝在氧气中燃烧生成物的质量比细铁丝大

B.煤炭在空气中燃烧质量减轻

C.同温同压下, <a href="/tags/54/" title="试卷" class="c1" target="_blank">试卷</a> <a href="/tags/255/" title="学年" class="c1" target="_blank">学年</a> <a href="/tags/1159/" title="化学" class="c1" target="_blank">化学</a> <a href="/tags/1489/" title="南宁" class="c1" target="_blank">南宁</a> 氢气与 <a href="/tags/54/" title="试卷" class="c1" target="_blank">试卷</a> <a href="/tags/255/" title="学年" class="c1" target="_blank">学年</a> <a href="/tags/1159/" title="化学" class="c1" target="_blank">化学</a> <a href="/tags/1489/" title="南宁" class="c1" target="_blank">南宁</a> 氯气在点燃的条件下完全反应生成 <a href="/tags/54/" title="试卷" class="c1" target="_blank">试卷</a> <a href="/tags/255/" title="学年" class="c1" target="_blank">学年</a> <a href="/tags/1159/" title="化学" class="c1" target="_blank">化学</a> <a href="/tags/1489/" title="南宁" class="c1" target="_blank">南宁</a> 氯化氢气体

D.完全电解 <a href="/tags/54/" title="试卷" class="c1" target="_blank">试卷</a> <a href="/tags/255/" title="学年" class="c1" target="_blank">学年</a> <a href="/tags/1159/" title="化学" class="c1" target="_blank">化学</a> <a href="/tags/1489/" title="南宁" class="c1" target="_blank">南宁</a> 水得到的氢气和氧气的质量之和仍然是 <a href="/tags/54/" title="试卷" class="c1" target="_blank">试卷</a> <a href="/tags/255/" title="学年" class="c1" target="_blank">学年</a> <a href="/tags/1159/" title="化学" class="c1" target="_blank">化学</a> <a href="/tags/1489/" title="南宁" class="c1" target="_blank">南宁</a>

 

11. 氯气制备“ <a href="/tags/54/" title="试卷" class="c1" target="_blank">试卷</a> <a href="/tags/255/" title="学年" class="c1" target="_blank">学年</a> <a href="/tags/1159/" title="化学" class="c1" target="_blank">化学</a> <a href="/tags/1489/" title="南宁" class="c1" target="_blank">南宁</a> 消毒液”时有如下反应: <a href="/tags/54/" title="试卷" class="c1" target="_blank">试卷</a> <a href="/tags/255/" title="学年" class="c1" target="_blank">学年</a> <a href="/tags/1159/" title="化学" class="c1" target="_blank">化学</a> <a href="/tags/1489/" title="南宁" class="c1" target="_blank">南宁</a> ,则 <a href="/tags/54/" title="试卷" class="c1" target="_blank">试卷</a> <a href="/tags/255/" title="学年" class="c1" target="_blank">学年</a> <a href="/tags/1159/" title="化学" class="c1" target="_blank">化学</a> <a href="/tags/1489/" title="南宁" class="c1" target="_blank">南宁</a> 的化学式为(       )

A. <a href="/tags/54/" title="试卷" class="c1" target="_blank">试卷</a> <a href="/tags/255/" title="学年" class="c1" target="_blank">学年</a> <a href="/tags/1159/" title="化学" class="c1" target="_blank">化学</a> <a href="/tags/1489/" title="南宁" class="c1" target="_blank">南宁</a> B. <a href="/tags/54/" title="试卷" class="c1" target="_blank">试卷</a> <a href="/tags/255/" title="学年" class="c1" target="_blank">学年</a> <a href="/tags/1159/" title="化学" class="c1" target="_blank">化学</a> <a href="/tags/1489/" title="南宁" class="c1" target="_blank">南宁</a> C. <a href="/tags/54/" title="试卷" class="c1" target="_blank">试卷</a> <a href="/tags/255/" title="学年" class="c1" target="_blank">学年</a> <a href="/tags/1159/" title="化学" class="c1" target="_blank">化学</a> <a href="/tags/1489/" title="南宁" class="c1" target="_blank">南宁</a> D. <a href="/tags/54/" title="试卷" class="c1" target="_blank">试卷</a> <a href="/tags/255/" title="学年" class="c1" target="_blank">学年</a> <a href="/tags/1159/" title="化学" class="c1" target="_blank">化学</a> <a href="/tags/1489/" title="南宁" class="c1" target="_blank">南宁</a>

 

12. 如图为四种粒子的结构示意图,以下对相关粒子的描述不正确的是(
 <a href="/tags/54/" title="试卷" class="c1" target="_blank">试卷</a> <a href="/tags/255/" title="学年" class="c1" target="_blank">学年</a> <a href="/tags/1159/" title="化学" class="c1" target="_blank">化学</a> <a href="/tags/1489/" title="南宁" class="c1" target="_blank">南宁</a>

A.②④形成的化合物为 <a href="/tags/54/" title="试卷" class="c1" target="_blank">试卷</a> <a href="/tags/255/" title="学年" class="c1" target="_blank">学年</a> <a href="/tags/1159/" title="化学" class="c1" target="_blank">化学</a> <a href="/tags/1489/" title="南宁" class="c1" target="_blank">南宁</a> B.①③都容易失去电子
C.①②属于同种元素 D.②④具有相对稳定结构


 

13. 下列化学方程式书写完全正确的是(       )

A. <a href="/tags/54/" title="试卷" class="c1" target="_blank">试卷</a> <a href="/tags/255/" title="学年" class="c1" target="_blank">学年</a> <a href="/tags/1159/" title="化学" class="c1" target="_blank">化学</a> <a href="/tags/1489/" title="南宁" class="c1" target="_blank">南宁</a> B. <a href="/tags/54/" title="试卷" class="c1" target="_blank">试卷</a> <a href="/tags/255/" title="学年" class="c1" target="_blank">学年</a> <a href="/tags/1159/" title="化学" class="c1" target="_blank">化学</a> <a href="/tags/1489/" title="南宁" class="c1" target="_blank">南宁</a>
C. <a href="/tags/54/" title="试卷" class="c1" target="_blank">试卷</a> <a href="/tags/255/" title="学年" class="c1" target="_blank">学年</a> <a href="/tags/1159/" title="化学" class="c1" target="_blank">化学</a> <a href="/tags/1489/" title="南宁" class="c1" target="_blank">南宁</a> D. <a href="/tags/54/" title="试卷" class="c1" target="_blank">试卷</a> <a href="/tags/255/" title="学年" class="c1" target="_blank">学年</a> <a href="/tags/1159/" title="化学" class="c1" target="_blank">化学</a> <a href="/tags/1489/" title="南宁" class="c1" target="_blank">南宁</a>


 

14. 下列化学用语正确的是(

A. <a href="/tags/54/" title="试卷" class="c1" target="_blank">试卷</a> <a href="/tags/255/" title="学年" class="c1" target="_blank">学年</a> <a href="/tags/1159/" title="化学" class="c1" target="_blank">化学</a> <a href="/tags/1489/" title="南宁" class="c1" target="_blank">南宁</a> 个碳酸根离子: <a href="/tags/54/" title="试卷" class="c1" target="_blank">试卷</a> <a href="/tags/255/" title="学年" class="c1" target="_blank">学年</a> <a href="/tags/1159/" title="化学" class="c1" target="_blank">化学</a> <a href="/tags/1489/" title="南宁" class="c1" target="_blank">南宁</a> B. <a href="/tags/54/" title="试卷" class="c1" target="_blank">试卷</a> <a href="/tags/255/" title="学年" class="c1" target="_blank">学年</a> <a href="/tags/1159/" title="化学" class="c1" target="_blank">化学</a> <a href="/tags/1489/" title="南宁" class="c1" target="_blank">南宁</a> 个一氧化碳分子: <a href="/tags/54/" title="试卷" class="c1" target="_blank">试卷</a> <a href="/tags/255/" title="学年" class="c1" target="_blank">学年</a> <a href="/tags/1159/" title="化学" class="c1" target="_blank">化学</a> <a href="/tags/1489/" title="南宁" class="c1" target="_blank">南宁</a>
C. <a href="/tags/54/" title="试卷" class="c1" target="_blank">试卷</a> <a href="/tags/255/" title="学年" class="c1" target="_blank">学年</a> <a href="/tags/1159/" title="化学" class="c1" target="_blank">化学</a> <a href="/tags/1489/" title="南宁" class="c1" target="_blank">南宁</a> 个氢原子: <a href="/tags/54/" title="试卷" class="c1" target="_blank">试卷</a> <a href="/tags/255/" title="学年" class="c1" target="_blank">学年</a> <a href="/tags/1159/" title="化学" class="c1" target="_blank">化学</a> <a href="/tags/1489/" title="南宁" class="c1" target="_blank">南宁</a> D. <a href="/tags/54/" title="试卷" class="c1" target="_blank">试卷</a> <a href="/tags/255/" title="学年" class="c1" target="_blank">学年</a> <a href="/tags/1159/" title="化学" class="c1" target="_blank">化学</a> <a href="/tags/1489/" title="南宁" class="c1" target="_blank">南宁</a> 个亚铁离子: <a href="/tags/54/" title="试卷" class="c1" target="_blank">试卷</a> <a href="/tags/255/" title="学年" class="c1" target="_blank">学年</a> <a href="/tags/1159/" title="化学" class="c1" target="_blank">化学</a> <a href="/tags/1489/" title="南宁" class="c1" target="_blank">南宁</a>


 

15. 水电解的过程可用下列图示表示,微粒运动变化的先后顺序是(
 <a href="/tags/54/" title="试卷" class="c1" target="_blank">试卷</a> <a href="/tags/255/" title="学年" class="c1" target="_blank">学年</a> <a href="/tags/1159/" title="化学" class="c1" target="_blank">化学</a> <a href="/tags/1489/" title="南宁" class="c1" target="_blank">南宁</a>

A.④③①② B.①②③④ C.①④③② D.①②④③

 

16. 对于化学方程式 <a href="/tags/54/" title="试卷" class="c1" target="_blank">试卷</a> <a href="/tags/255/" title="学年" class="c1" target="_blank">学年</a> <a href="/tags/1159/" title="化学" class="c1" target="_blank">化学</a> <a href="/tags/1489/" title="南宁" class="c1" target="_blank">南宁</a> 的读法不正确的是(

A. <a href="/tags/54/" title="试卷" class="c1" target="_blank">试卷</a> <a href="/tags/255/" title="学年" class="c1" target="_blank">学年</a> <a href="/tags/1159/" title="化学" class="c1" target="_blank">化学</a> <a href="/tags/1489/" title="南宁" class="c1" target="_blank">南宁</a> 份质量的硫与 <a href="/tags/54/" title="试卷" class="c1" target="_blank">试卷</a> <a href="/tags/255/" title="学年" class="c1" target="_blank">学年</a> <a href="/tags/1159/" title="化学" class="c1" target="_blank">化学</a> <a href="/tags/1489/" title="南宁" class="c1" target="_blank">南宁</a> 份质量的氧气完全反应,生成 <a href="/tags/54/" title="试卷" class="c1" target="_blank">试卷</a> <a href="/tags/255/" title="学年" class="c1" target="_blank">学年</a> <a href="/tags/1159/" title="化学" class="c1" target="_blank">化学</a> <a href="/tags/1489/" title="南宁" class="c1" target="_blank">南宁</a> 份质量的二氧化硫

B. <a href="/tags/54/" title="试卷" class="c1" target="_blank">试卷</a> <a href="/tags/255/" title="学年" class="c1" target="_blank">学年</a> <a href="/tags/1159/" title="化学" class="c1" target="_blank">化学</a> <a href="/tags/1489/" title="南宁" class="c1" target="_blank">南宁</a> 个硫原子与 <a href="/tags/54/" title="试卷" class="c1" target="_blank">试卷</a> <a href="/tags/255/" title="学年" class="c1" target="_blank">学年</a> <a href="/tags/1159/" title="化学" class="c1" target="_blank">化学</a> <a href="/tags/1489/" title="南宁" class="c1" target="_blank">南宁</a> 个氧分子反应生成 <a href="/tags/54/" title="试卷" class="c1" target="_blank">试卷</a> <a href="/tags/255/" title="学年" class="c1" target="_blank">学年</a> <a href="/tags/1159/" title="化学" class="c1" target="_blank">化学</a> <a href="/tags/1489/" title="南宁" class="c1" target="_blank">南宁</a> 个二氧化硫分子

C.硫和氧气在点燃的条件下等于二氧化硫

D.硫和氧气在点燃的条件下反应生成二氧化硫

 

17. 下列各实验方案设计合理且能达到其实验目的的是(        )


选项

实验目的

实验方案

 <a href="/tags/54/" title="试卷" class="c1" target="_blank">试卷</a> <a href="/tags/255/" title="学年" class="c1" target="_blank">学年</a> <a href="/tags/1159/" title="化学" class="c1" target="_blank">化学</a> <a href="/tags/1489/" title="南宁" class="c1" target="_blank">南宁</a>

鉴别氮气和二氧化碳

将燃着的木条分别伸入集气瓶中

 <a href="/tags/54/" title="试卷" class="c1" target="_blank">试卷</a> <a href="/tags/255/" title="学年" class="c1" target="_blank">学年</a> <a href="/tags/1159/" title="化学" class="c1" target="_blank">化学</a> <a href="/tags/1489/" title="南宁" class="c1" target="_blank">南宁</a>

验证空气中氧气含量

用硫燃烧代替红磷进行实验

 <a href="/tags/54/" title="试卷" class="c1" target="_blank">试卷</a> <a href="/tags/255/" title="学年" class="c1" target="_blank">学年</a> <a href="/tags/1159/" title="化学" class="c1" target="_blank">化学</a> <a href="/tags/1489/" title="南宁" class="c1" target="_blank">南宁</a>

验证集气瓶中无色气体是氧气

将带火星的木条伸入集气瓶内

 <a href="/tags/54/" title="试卷" class="c1" target="_blank">试卷</a> <a href="/tags/255/" title="学年" class="c1" target="_blank">学年</a> <a href="/tags/1159/" title="化学" class="c1" target="_blank">化学</a> <a href="/tags/1489/" title="南宁" class="c1" target="_blank">南宁</a>

比较空气中和呼出气体中氧气的含量

分别伸入带火星的小木条

A. <a href="/tags/54/" title="试卷" class="c1" target="_blank">试卷</a> <a href="/tags/255/" title="学年" class="c1" target="_blank">学年</a> <a href="/tags/1159/" title="化学" class="c1" target="_blank">化学</a> <a href="/tags/1489/" title="南宁" class="c1" target="_blank">南宁</a> B. <a href="/tags/54/" title="试卷" class="c1" target="_blank">试卷</a> <a href="/tags/255/" title="学年" class="c1" target="_blank">学年</a> <a href="/tags/1159/" title="化学" class="c1" target="_blank">化学</a> <a href="/tags/1489/" title="南宁" class="c1" target="_blank">南宁</a> C. <a href="/tags/54/" title="试卷" class="c1" target="_blank">试卷</a> <a href="/tags/255/" title="学年" class="c1" target="_blank">学年</a> <a href="/tags/1159/" title="化学" class="c1" target="_blank">化学</a> <a href="/tags/1489/" title="南宁" class="c1" target="_blank">南宁</a> D. <a href="/tags/54/" title="试卷" class="c1" target="_blank">试卷</a> <a href="/tags/255/" title="学年" class="c1" target="_blank">学年</a> <a href="/tags/1159/" title="化学" class="c1" target="_blank">化学</a> <a href="/tags/1489/" title="南宁" class="c1" target="_blank">南宁</a>

 

18. 化学实验操作中常涉及“先后”问题,下列操作的先后顺序错误的是(        )

A.排水法收集氧气时:先将导管放入集气瓶中,后加热酒精灯

B.制取气体:先检验装置的气密性,后加入药品

C.过氧化氢制取氧气时:先加固体药品,后加液体药品

D.点燃可燃性气体:先检验气体的纯度,后点燃

 

19. 下列实验方案与结论不相对应的是(


选项

 <a href="/tags/54/" title="试卷" class="c1" target="_blank">试卷</a> <a href="/tags/255/" title="学年" class="c1" target="_blank">学年</a> <a href="/tags/1159/" title="化学" class="c1" target="_blank">化学</a> <a href="/tags/1489/" title="南宁" class="c1" target="_blank">南宁</a>

 <a href="/tags/54/" title="试卷" class="c1" target="_blank">试卷</a> <a href="/tags/255/" title="学年" class="c1" target="_blank">学年</a> <a href="/tags/1159/" title="化学" class="c1" target="_blank">化学</a> <a href="/tags/1489/" title="南宁" class="c1" target="_blank">南宁</a>

 <a href="/tags/54/" title="试卷" class="c1" target="_blank">试卷</a> <a href="/tags/255/" title="学年" class="c1" target="_blank">学年</a> <a href="/tags/1159/" title="化学" class="c1" target="_blank">化学</a> <a href="/tags/1489/" title="南宁" class="c1" target="_blank">南宁</a>

 <a href="/tags/54/" title="试卷" class="c1" target="_blank">试卷</a> <a href="/tags/255/" title="学年" class="c1" target="_blank">学年</a> <a href="/tags/1159/" title="化学" class="c1" target="_blank">化学</a> <a href="/tags/1489/" title="南宁" class="c1" target="_blank">南宁</a>

方案

 <a href="/tags/54/" title="试卷" class="c1" target="_blank">试卷</a> <a href="/tags/255/" title="学年" class="c1" target="_blank">学年</a> <a href="/tags/1159/" title="化学" class="c1" target="_blank">化学</a> <a href="/tags/1489/" title="南宁" class="c1" target="_blank">南宁</a>

 <a href="/tags/54/" title="试卷" class="c1" target="_blank">试卷</a> <a href="/tags/255/" title="学年" class="c1" target="_blank">学年</a> <a href="/tags/1159/" title="化学" class="c1" target="_blank">化学</a> <a href="/tags/1489/" title="南宁" class="c1" target="_blank">南宁</a>

 <a href="/tags/54/" title="试卷" class="c1" target="_blank">试卷</a> <a href="/tags/255/" title="学年" class="c1" target="_blank">学年</a> <a href="/tags/1159/" title="化学" class="c1" target="_blank">化学</a> <a href="/tags/1489/" title="南宁" class="c1" target="_blank">南宁</a>

 <a href="/tags/54/" title="试卷" class="c1" target="_blank">试卷</a> <a href="/tags/255/" title="学年" class="c1" target="_blank">学年</a> <a href="/tags/1159/" title="化学" class="c1" target="_blank">化学</a> <a href="/tags/1489/" title="南宁" class="c1" target="_blank">南宁</a>

结论

说明瓶中含有氧气

说明白烟具有可燃性

说明只有二氧化锰存在时,过氧化氢才会分解产生氧气

说明水的状态变
化是物理变化

A. <a href="/tags/54/" title="试卷" class="c1" target="_blank">试卷</a> <a href="/tags/255/" title="学年" class="c1" target="_blank">学年</a> <a href="/tags/1159/" title="化学" class="c1" target="_blank">化学</a> <a href="/tags/1489/" title="南宁" class="c1" target="_blank">南宁</a> B. <a href="/tags/54/" title="试卷" class="c1" target="_blank">试卷</a> <a href="/tags/255/" title="学年" class="c1" target="_blank">学年</a> <a href="/tags/1159/" title="化学" class="c1" target="_blank">化学</a> <a href="/tags/1489/" title="南宁" class="c1" target="_blank">南宁</a> C. <a href="/tags/54/" title="试卷" class="c1" target="_blank">试卷</a> <a href="/tags/255/" title="学年" class="c1" target="_blank">学年</a> <a href="/tags/1159/" title="化学" class="c1" target="_blank">化学</a> <a href="/tags/1489/" title="南宁" class="c1" target="_blank">南宁</a> D. <a href="/tags/54/" title="试卷" class="c1" target="_blank">试卷</a> <a href="/tags/255/" title="学年" class="c1" target="_blank">学年</a> <a href="/tags/1159/" title="化学" class="c1" target="_blank">化学</a> <a href="/tags/1489/" title="南宁" class="c1" target="_blank">南宁</a>

 

20. 下列说法正确的是(        )

A.由同一种元素组成的物质一定是单质,不可能是化合物

B.同一化合物中,金属元素显正价,非金属元素一定显负价

C.同一化合物中,同一种元素的化合价可能是不同的

D.最外层电子数为 <a href="/tags/54/" title="试卷" class="c1" target="_blank">试卷</a> <a href="/tags/255/" title="学年" class="c1" target="_blank">学年</a> <a href="/tags/1159/" title="化学" class="c1" target="_blank">化学</a> <a href="/tags/1489/" title="南宁" class="c1" target="_blank">南宁</a> 的微粒一定是稀有气体元素的原子

二、解答题

 

用化学符号和数字表示。

1)氦气______________

2)镁离子_____________

3)氢氧化铜____________

4)保持水的化学性质的最小粒子___________

5)标出氧化铝中铝元素的化合价____________

 

有下列物质:①稀有气体,②液氧,③水银,④冰水共存物,⑤空气,⑥高锰酸钾,⑦二氧化锰,⑧氯化钠。请用序号填空:

1)属于混合物的是________

2)属于纯净物的是________________________________

3)属于氧化物的是________

4)属于单质的是________

 

生活、生产中处处有化学。

1)如茶杯内纱网能将茶叶与茶水分离,该设计的化学原理是___________(填一种实验操作的名称)。

2)生活中常用________来鉴别软水和硬水,并用________的办法来降低水的硬度。

3)请你结合家庭实际情况,提出一条能达到节水目的的建议___________________________________

 

元素周期表是学习和研究化学的重要工具,试根据图回答相应问题:
 <a href="/tags/54/" title="试卷" class="c1" target="_blank">试卷</a> <a href="/tags/255/" title="学年" class="c1" target="_blank">学年</a> <a href="/tags/1159/" title="化学" class="c1" target="_blank">化学</a> <a href="/tags/1489/" title="南宁" class="c1" target="_blank">南宁</a>

1)图中的甲是铅元素在元素周期表中的信息,它的原子序数是________,它的中子数是___________

2)图中的乙表示的元素周期表的一部分, <a href="/tags/54/" title="试卷" class="c1" target="_blank">试卷</a> <a href="/tags/255/" title="学年" class="c1" target="_blank">学年</a> <a href="/tags/1159/" title="化学" class="c1" target="_blank">化学</a> <a href="/tags/1489/" title="南宁" class="c1" target="_blank">南宁</a> <a href="/tags/54/" title="试卷" class="c1" target="_blank">试卷</a> <a href="/tags/255/" title="学年" class="c1" target="_blank">学年</a> <a href="/tags/1159/" title="化学" class="c1" target="_blank">化学</a> <a href="/tags/1489/" title="南宁" class="c1" target="_blank">南宁</a> <a href="/tags/54/" title="试卷" class="c1" target="_blank">试卷</a> <a href="/tags/255/" title="学年" class="c1" target="_blank">学年</a> <a href="/tags/1159/" title="化学" class="c1" target="_blank">化学</a> <a href="/tags/1489/" title="南宁" class="c1" target="_blank">南宁</a> 代表三种不同的元素,它们的原子序数由大到小的顺序是________ <a href="/tags/54/" title="试卷" class="c1" target="_blank">试卷</a> <a href="/tags/255/" title="学年" class="c1" target="_blank">学年</a> <a href="/tags/1159/" title="化学" class="c1" target="_blank">化学</a> <a href="/tags/1489/" title="南宁" class="c1" target="_blank">南宁</a> <a href="/tags/54/" title="试卷" class="c1" target="_blank">试卷</a> <a href="/tags/255/" title="学年" class="c1" target="_blank">学年</a> <a href="/tags/1159/" title="化学" class="c1" target="_blank">化学</a> <a href="/tags/1489/" title="南宁" class="c1" target="_blank">南宁</a> 的原子电子层数________(填“相同”或“不相同”)。

3)图乙中的 <a href="/tags/54/" title="试卷" class="c1" target="_blank">试卷</a> <a href="/tags/255/" title="学年" class="c1" target="_blank">学年</a> <a href="/tags/1159/" title="化学" class="c1" target="_blank">化学</a> <a href="/tags/1489/" title="南宁" class="c1" target="_blank">南宁</a> <a href="/tags/54/" title="试卷" class="c1" target="_blank">试卷</a> <a href="/tags/255/" title="学年" class="c1" target="_blank">学年</a> <a href="/tags/1159/" title="化学" class="c1" target="_blank">化学</a> <a href="/tags/1489/" title="南宁" class="c1" target="_blank">南宁</a> 元素化学性质相似,是因为它们原子的___________________________相同。

 

某黄色固体 <a href="/tags/54/" title="试卷" class="c1" target="_blank">试卷</a> <a href="/tags/255/" title="学年" class="c1" target="_blank">学年</a> <a href="/tags/1159/" title="化学" class="c1" target="_blank">化学</a> <a href="/tags/1489/" title="南宁" class="c1" target="_blank">南宁</a> 在无色气体 <a href="/tags/54/" title="试卷" class="c1" target="_blank">试卷</a> <a href="/tags/255/" title="学年" class="c1" target="_blank">学年</a> <a href="/tags/1159/" title="化学" class="c1" target="_blank">化学</a> <a href="/tags/1489/" title="南宁" class="c1" target="_blank">南宁</a> 中能燃烧产生一种刺激性气味的气体 <a href="/tags/54/" title="试卷" class="c1" target="_blank">试卷</a> <a href="/tags/255/" title="学年" class="c1" target="_blank">学年</a> <a href="/tags/1159/" title="化学" class="c1" target="_blank">化学</a> <a href="/tags/1489/" title="南宁" class="c1" target="_blank">南宁</a> ;某银白色固体 <a href="/tags/54/" title="试卷" class="c1" target="_blank">试卷</a> <a href="/tags/255/" title="学年" class="c1" target="_blank">学年</a> <a href="/tags/1159/" title="化学" class="c1" target="_blank">化学</a> <a href="/tags/1489/" title="南宁" class="c1" target="_blank">南宁</a> 个能在空气中燃烧,但能在 <a href="/tags/54/" title="试卷" class="c1" target="_blank">试卷</a> <a href="/tags/255/" title="学年" class="c1" target="_blank">学年</a> <a href="/tags/1159/" title="化学" class="c1" target="_blank">化学</a> <a href="/tags/1489/" title="南宁" class="c1" target="_blank">南宁</a> 中燃烧产生黑色固体 <a href="/tags/54/" title="试卷" class="c1" target="_blank">试卷</a> <a href="/tags/255/" title="学年" class="c1" target="_blank">学年</a> <a href="/tags/1159/" title="化学" class="c1" target="_blank">化学</a> <a href="/tags/1489/" title="南宁" class="c1" target="_blank">南宁</a> ;某银白色固体 <a href="/tags/54/" title="试卷" class="c1" target="_blank">试卷</a> <a href="/tags/255/" title="学年" class="c1" target="_blank">学年</a> <a href="/tags/1159/" title="化学" class="c1" target="_blank">化学</a> <a href="/tags/1489/" title="南宁" class="c1" target="_blank">南宁</a> 在空气中剧烈燃烧,发出耀眼的白光。

1)写出物质的化学式: <a href="/tags/54/" title="试卷" class="c1" target="_blank">试卷</a> <a href="/tags/255/" title="学年" class="c1" target="_blank">学年</a> <a href="/tags/1159/" title="化学" class="c1" target="_blank">化学</a> <a href="/tags/1489/" title="南宁" class="c1" target="_blank">南宁</a> ________ <a href="/tags/54/" title="试卷" class="c1" target="_blank">试卷</a> <a href="/tags/255/" title="学年" class="c1" target="_blank">学年</a> <a href="/tags/1159/" title="化学" class="c1" target="_blank">化学</a> <a href="/tags/1489/" title="南宁" class="c1" target="_blank">南宁</a> ________ <a href="/tags/54/" title="试卷" class="c1" target="_blank">试卷</a> <a href="/tags/255/" title="学年" class="c1" target="_blank">学年</a> <a href="/tags/1159/" title="化学" class="c1" target="_blank">化学</a> <a href="/tags/1489/" title="南宁" class="c1" target="_blank">南宁</a> ________

2)写出银白色固体 <a href="/tags/54/" title="试卷" class="c1" target="_blank">试卷</a> <a href="/tags/255/" title="学年" class="c1" target="_blank">学年</a> <a href="/tags/1159/" title="化学" class="c1" target="_blank">化学</a> <a href="/tags/1489/" title="南宁" class="c1" target="_blank">南宁</a> 在空气中燃烧的化学方程式:____________________________

 

下图为某化学反应的微观模拟图,“ <a href="/tags/54/" title="试卷" class="c1" target="_blank">试卷</a> <a href="/tags/255/" title="学年" class="c1" target="_blank">学年</a> <a href="/tags/1159/" title="化学" class="c1" target="_blank">化学</a> <a href="/tags/1489/" title="南宁" class="c1" target="_blank">南宁</a> ”和“ <a href="/tags/54/" title="试卷" class="c1" target="_blank">试卷</a> <a href="/tags/255/" title="学年" class="c1" target="_blank">学年</a> <a href="/tags/1159/" title="化学" class="c1" target="_blank">化学</a> <a href="/tags/1489/" title="南宁" class="c1" target="_blank">南宁</a> ”分别表示两种不同的原子:
 <a href="/tags/54/" title="试卷" class="c1" target="_blank">试卷</a> <a href="/tags/255/" title="学年" class="c1" target="_blank">学年</a> <a href="/tags/1159/" title="化学" class="c1" target="_blank">化学</a> <a href="/tags/1489/" title="南宁" class="c1" target="_blank">南宁</a>

1)由微粒甲“ <a href="/tags/54/" title="试卷" class="c1" target="_blank">试卷</a> <a href="/tags/255/" title="学年" class="c1" target="_blank">学年</a> <a href="/tags/1159/" title="化学" class="c1" target="_blank">化学</a> <a href="/tags/1489/" title="南宁" class="c1" target="_blank">南宁</a> ”聚集成的物质________(填“可能”或“不可能”)是氧化物。

2)参加反应的甲、乙两种反应物分子的个数比为________,此反应的基本反应类型为________

3)该反应前后原子种类和个数均________(填“减少”“增加”或“不变”),分子的个数________(填“减少”“增加”或“不变”)。

 

根据课本实验回答下列问题:
 <a href="/tags/54/" title="试卷" class="c1" target="_blank">试卷</a> <a href="/tags/255/" title="学年" class="c1" target="_blank">学年</a> <a href="/tags/1159/" title="化学" class="c1" target="_blank">化学</a> <a href="/tags/1489/" title="南宁" class="c1" target="_blank">南宁</a>

1)图 <a href="/tags/54/" title="试卷" class="c1" target="_blank">试卷</a> <a href="/tags/255/" title="学年" class="c1" target="_blank">学年</a> <a href="/tags/1159/" title="化学" class="c1" target="_blank">化学</a> <a href="/tags/1489/" title="南宁" class="c1" target="_blank">南宁</a> 中净化后得水属于__________________(填“纯净物”或“混合物”),其中活性炭的作用是________________________

2)图 <a href="/tags/54/" title="试卷" class="c1" target="_blank">试卷</a> <a href="/tags/255/" title="学年" class="c1" target="_blank">学年</a> <a href="/tags/1159/" title="化学" class="c1" target="_blank">化学</a> <a href="/tags/1489/" title="南宁" class="c1" target="_blank">南宁</a> 电解水的实验中,试管 <a href="/tags/54/" title="试卷" class="c1" target="_blank">试卷</a> <a href="/tags/255/" title="学年" class="c1" target="_blank">学年</a> <a href="/tags/1159/" title="化学" class="c1" target="_blank">化学</a> <a href="/tags/1489/" title="南宁" class="c1" target="_blank">南宁</a> 与电源________(填“正”或“负”)极相连,该反应的化学方程式是_______________________________________________

3)图 <a href="/tags/54/" title="试卷" class="c1" target="_blank">试卷</a> <a href="/tags/255/" title="学年" class="c1" target="_blank">学年</a> <a href="/tags/1159/" title="化学" class="c1" target="_blank">化学</a> <a href="/tags/1489/" title="南宁" class="c1" target="_blank">南宁</a> 操作除漏斗下端玻璃管的尖嘴没有紧靠在烧杯的内壁上外,还有一处明显错误是_____________________________________

4)图 <a href="/tags/54/" title="试卷" class="c1" target="_blank">试卷</a> <a href="/tags/255/" title="学年" class="c1" target="_blank">学年</a> <a href="/tags/1159/" title="化学" class="c1" target="_blank">化学</a> <a href="/tags/1489/" title="南宁" class="c1" target="_blank">南宁</a> 中能得出燃烧需要氧气的实验现象是_________________________________________________________________

 

实验室中,利用下列装置可以制取某些气体,请回答下列问题。
 <a href="/tags/54/" title="试卷" class="c1" target="_blank">试卷</a> <a href="/tags/255/" title="学年" class="c1" target="_blank">学年</a> <a href="/tags/1159/" title="化学" class="c1" target="_blank">化学</a> <a href="/tags/1489/" title="南宁" class="c1" target="_blank">南宁</a>

1)写出标号仪器的名称①________;②________

2)实验室常用高锰酸钾制氧气时,应选用的发生装置________(填字母代号),需要对装置进行改进是__________________________________________________________________,反应的化学方程式_________________________________________________;若要收集干燥的氧气,则选择的收集装置是________

3)若用 <a href="/tags/54/" title="试卷" class="c1" target="_blank">试卷</a> <a href="/tags/255/" title="学年" class="c1" target="_blank">学年</a> <a href="/tags/1159/" title="化学" class="c1" target="_blank">化学</a> <a href="/tags/1489/" title="南宁" class="c1" target="_blank">南宁</a> 装置收集氧气,检验氧气是否收集满时应将带火星的木条放在________端(填“ <a href="/tags/54/" title="试卷" class="c1" target="_blank">试卷</a> <a href="/tags/255/" title="学年" class="c1" target="_blank">学年</a> <a href="/tags/1159/" title="化学" class="c1" target="_blank">化学</a> <a href="/tags/1489/" title="南宁" class="c1" target="_blank">南宁</a> ”或“ <a href="/tags/54/" title="试卷" class="c1" target="_blank">试卷</a> <a href="/tags/255/" title="学年" class="c1" target="_blank">学年</a> <a href="/tags/1159/" title="化学" class="c1" target="_blank">化学</a> <a href="/tags/1489/" title="南宁" class="c1" target="_blank">南宁</a> ”);若用 <a href="/tags/54/" title="试卷" class="c1" target="_blank">试卷</a> <a href="/tags/255/" title="学年" class="c1" target="_blank">学年</a> <a href="/tags/1159/" title="化学" class="c1" target="_blank">化学</a> <a href="/tags/1489/" title="南宁" class="c1" target="_blank">南宁</a> 装置收集氧气,氧气从________端进(填“ <a href="/tags/54/" title="试卷" class="c1" target="_blank">试卷</a> <a href="/tags/255/" title="学年" class="c1" target="_blank">学年</a> <a href="/tags/1159/" title="化学" class="c1" target="_blank">化学</a> <a href="/tags/1489/" title="南宁" class="c1" target="_blank">南宁</a> ”或“ <a href="/tags/54/" title="试卷" class="c1" target="_blank">试卷</a> <a href="/tags/255/" title="学年" class="c1" target="_blank">学年</a> <a href="/tags/1159/" title="化学" class="c1" target="_blank">化学</a> <a href="/tags/1489/" title="南宁" class="c1" target="_blank">南宁</a> ”)。

 

某化学课外小组同学,用如图所示实验验证质量守恒定律:
 <a href="/tags/54/" title="试卷" class="c1" target="_blank">试卷</a> <a href="/tags/255/" title="学年" class="c1" target="_blank">学年</a> <a href="/tags/1159/" title="化学" class="c1" target="_blank">化学</a> <a href="/tags/1489/" title="南宁" class="c1" target="_blank">南宁</a>

1)实验一将烧杯放在天平上用砝码平衡,然后倾斜烧杯使硫酸铜溶液与铁钉接触,一段时间后观察到铁钉表面有________色物质出现,再把烧杯放回到天平上,最后天平的指针________(填序号)。
 <a href="/tags/54/" title="试卷" class="c1" target="_blank">试卷</a> <a href="/tags/255/" title="学年" class="c1" target="_blank">学年</a> <a href="/tags/1159/" title="化学" class="c1" target="_blank">化学</a> <a href="/tags/1489/" title="南宁" class="c1" target="_blank">南宁</a> .偏左      <a href="/tags/54/" title="试卷" class="c1" target="_blank">试卷</a> <a href="/tags/255/" title="学年" class="c1" target="_blank">学年</a> <a href="/tags/1159/" title="化学" class="c1" target="_blank">化学</a> <a href="/tags/1489/" title="南宁" class="c1" target="_blank">南宁</a> .偏右      <a href="/tags/54/" title="试卷" class="c1" target="_blank">试卷</a> <a href="/tags/255/" title="学年" class="c1" target="_blank">学年</a> <a href="/tags/1159/" title="化学" class="c1" target="_blank">化学</a> <a href="/tags/1489/" title="南宁" class="c1" target="_blank">南宁</a> .不偏转      <a href="/tags/54/" title="试卷" class="c1" target="_blank">试卷</a> <a href="/tags/255/" title="学年" class="c1" target="_blank">学年</a> <a href="/tags/1159/" title="化学" class="c1" target="_blank">化学</a> <a href="/tags/1489/" title="南宁" class="c1" target="_blank">南宁</a> .无法预测

2)实验二中观察到红磷燃烧时产生__________________________,放出大量热,气球的作用是________________________________,该反应的化学方程式为_________________________________。若实验时红磷量不足,对实验的结果________(选填“有”或“没有”)影响。

3)实验三中反应后天平不平衡,该反应________(填“遵守”或“不遵守”)质量守恒定律,反应后天平不平衡的原因是______________________________________________,为了成功验证质量守恒定律,对此实验装置具体的改进是____________________________________________

 

今年我区青少年腮腺炎的发病率较高,导致不少同学因病而耽误学习,病毒唑是治疗腮腺炎的药物之一,又名利巴韦林、三氮唑核苷、尼斯可等(化学式: <a href="/tags/54/" title="试卷" class="c1" target="_blank">试卷</a> <a href="/tags/255/" title="学年" class="c1" target="_blank">学年</a> <a href="/tags/1159/" title="化学" class="c1" target="_blank">化学</a> <a href="/tags/1489/" title="南宁" class="c1" target="_blank">南宁</a> ,请回答:

1)病毒唑中含有________种元素,各元素的原子个数比为__________________________

2)病毒唑的相对分子质量为________

3)病毒唑中 <a href="/tags/54/" title="试卷" class="c1" target="_blank">试卷</a> <a href="/tags/255/" title="学年" class="c1" target="_blank">学年</a> <a href="/tags/1159/" title="化学" class="c1" target="_blank">化学</a> <a href="/tags/1489/" title="南宁" class="c1" target="_blank">南宁</a> <a href="/tags/54/" title="试卷" class="c1" target="_blank">试卷</a> <a href="/tags/255/" title="学年" class="c1" target="_blank">学年</a> <a href="/tags/1159/" title="化学" class="c1" target="_blank">化学</a> <a href="/tags/1489/" title="南宁" class="c1" target="_blank">南宁</a> <a href="/tags/54/" title="试卷" class="c1" target="_blank">试卷</a> <a href="/tags/255/" title="学年" class="c1" target="_blank">学年</a> <a href="/tags/1159/" title="化学" class="c1" target="_blank">化学</a> <a href="/tags/1489/" title="南宁" class="c1" target="_blank">南宁</a> <a href="/tags/54/" title="试卷" class="c1" target="_blank">试卷</a> <a href="/tags/255/" title="学年" class="c1" target="_blank">学年</a> <a href="/tags/1159/" title="化学" class="c1" target="_blank">化学</a> <a href="/tags/1489/" title="南宁" class="c1" target="_blank">南宁</a> 元素的质量比为______________________;(填最简整数比)

4)计算 <a href="/tags/54/" title="试卷" class="c1" target="_blank">试卷</a> <a href="/tags/255/" title="学年" class="c1" target="_blank">学年</a> <a href="/tags/1159/" title="化学" class="c1" target="_blank">化学</a> <a href="/tags/1489/" title="南宁" class="c1" target="_blank">南宁</a> 病毒唑中氧元素的质量。(写出计算过程)



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