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【334956】福建龙岩市2020-2021学年九年级化学上册期末试卷

时间:2025-01-30 09:16:38 作者: 字数:10352字
简介:

2020-2021学年福建龙岩九年级上化学期末试卷

一、选择题

 

1. “绿水青山就是金山银山”,垃圾分类处理有利于生态文明建设。废弃物中,易拉罐属于(         )

A.餐厨垃圾 B.可回收物 C.其它垃圾 D.有害垃圾

 

2. “一带一路”是我国新时代经济发展的重要战略。下列技术中不属于化学变化的是(

A.谷物酿酒 B.蚕丝织布 C.冶炼青铜 D.烧制瓷器

 

3. 下列图示实验操作中,正确的是(

A. <a href="/tags/54/" title="试卷" class="c1" target="_blank">试卷</a> <a href="/tags/255/" title="学年" class="c1" target="_blank">学年</a> <a href="/tags/751/" title="福建" class="c1" target="_blank">福建</a> <a href="/tags/1159/" title="化学" class="c1" target="_blank">化学</a> <a href="/tags/1444/" title="龙岩" class="c1" target="_blank">龙岩</a> B. <a href="/tags/54/" title="试卷" class="c1" target="_blank">试卷</a> <a href="/tags/255/" title="学年" class="c1" target="_blank">学年</a> <a href="/tags/751/" title="福建" class="c1" target="_blank">福建</a> <a href="/tags/1159/" title="化学" class="c1" target="_blank">化学</a> <a href="/tags/1444/" title="龙岩" class="c1" target="_blank">龙岩</a>
C. <a href="/tags/54/" title="试卷" class="c1" target="_blank">试卷</a> <a href="/tags/255/" title="学年" class="c1" target="_blank">学年</a> <a href="/tags/751/" title="福建" class="c1" target="_blank">福建</a> <a href="/tags/1159/" title="化学" class="c1" target="_blank">化学</a> <a href="/tags/1444/" title="龙岩" class="c1" target="_blank">龙岩</a> D. <a href="/tags/54/" title="试卷" class="c1" target="_blank">试卷</a> <a href="/tags/255/" title="学年" class="c1" target="_blank">学年</a> <a href="/tags/751/" title="福建" class="c1" target="_blank">福建</a> <a href="/tags/1159/" title="化学" class="c1" target="_blank">化学</a> <a href="/tags/1444/" title="龙岩" class="c1" target="_blank">龙岩</a>


 

4. 关于氧气和二氧化碳的说法正确的是(       

A.性质:常温下均为气体,且都易溶于水

B.构成:都是由分子构成,且都含有氧分子

C.用途:氧气可用作燃料,二氧化碳可用作化工原料

D.转化:在自然界中氧气和二氧化碳可以相互转化

 

5. 下列化学用语表示正确的是(        )

A. <a href="/tags/54/" title="试卷" class="c1" target="_blank">试卷</a> <a href="/tags/255/" title="学年" class="c1" target="_blank">学年</a> <a href="/tags/751/" title="福建" class="c1" target="_blank">福建</a> <a href="/tags/1159/" title="化学" class="c1" target="_blank">化学</a> <a href="/tags/1444/" title="龙岩" class="c1" target="_blank">龙岩</a> 个氮分子: <a href="/tags/54/" title="试卷" class="c1" target="_blank">试卷</a> <a href="/tags/255/" title="学年" class="c1" target="_blank">学年</a> <a href="/tags/751/" title="福建" class="c1" target="_blank">福建</a> <a href="/tags/1159/" title="化学" class="c1" target="_blank">化学</a> <a href="/tags/1444/" title="龙岩" class="c1" target="_blank">龙岩</a>

B.碳酸钠中碳元素的化合价: <a href="/tags/54/" title="试卷" class="c1" target="_blank">试卷</a> <a href="/tags/255/" title="学年" class="c1" target="_blank">学年</a> <a href="/tags/751/" title="福建" class="c1" target="_blank">福建</a> <a href="/tags/1159/" title="化学" class="c1" target="_blank">化学</a> <a href="/tags/1444/" title="龙岩" class="c1" target="_blank">龙岩</a>

C.高锰酸钾的化学式: <a href="/tags/54/" title="试卷" class="c1" target="_blank">试卷</a> <a href="/tags/255/" title="学年" class="c1" target="_blank">学年</a> <a href="/tags/751/" title="福建" class="c1" target="_blank">福建</a> <a href="/tags/1159/" title="化学" class="c1" target="_blank">化学</a> <a href="/tags/1444/" title="龙岩" class="c1" target="_blank">龙岩</a>

D. <a href="/tags/54/" title="试卷" class="c1" target="_blank">试卷</a> <a href="/tags/255/" title="学年" class="c1" target="_blank">学年</a> <a href="/tags/751/" title="福建" class="c1" target="_blank">福建</a> <a href="/tags/1159/" title="化学" class="c1" target="_blank">化学</a> <a href="/tags/1444/" title="龙岩" class="c1" target="_blank">龙岩</a> 的结构示意图: <a href="/tags/54/" title="试卷" class="c1" target="_blank">试卷</a> <a href="/tags/255/" title="学年" class="c1" target="_blank">学年</a> <a href="/tags/751/" title="福建" class="c1" target="_blank">福建</a> <a href="/tags/1159/" title="化学" class="c1" target="_blank">化学</a> <a href="/tags/1444/" title="龙岩" class="c1" target="_blank">龙岩</a>

 

6. 下列区别物质的方法错误的是(



实验目的

实验方法

 <a href="/tags/54/" title="试卷" class="c1" target="_blank">试卷</a> <a href="/tags/255/" title="学年" class="c1" target="_blank">学年</a> <a href="/tags/751/" title="福建" class="c1" target="_blank">福建</a> <a href="/tags/1159/" title="化学" class="c1" target="_blank">化学</a> <a href="/tags/1444/" title="龙岩" class="c1" target="_blank">龙岩</a>

过氧化氢溶液和水

加入二氧化锰,观察

 <a href="/tags/54/" title="试卷" class="c1" target="_blank">试卷</a> <a href="/tags/255/" title="学年" class="c1" target="_blank">学年</a> <a href="/tags/751/" title="福建" class="c1" target="_blank">福建</a> <a href="/tags/1159/" title="化学" class="c1" target="_blank">化学</a> <a href="/tags/1444/" title="龙岩" class="c1" target="_blank">龙岩</a>

炭粉与氧化铜粉末

取样后,分别在空气中灼烧

 <a href="/tags/54/" title="试卷" class="c1" target="_blank">试卷</a> <a href="/tags/255/" title="学年" class="c1" target="_blank">学年</a> <a href="/tags/751/" title="福建" class="c1" target="_blank">福建</a> <a href="/tags/1159/" title="化学" class="c1" target="_blank">化学</a> <a href="/tags/1444/" title="龙岩" class="c1" target="_blank">龙岩</a>

 <a href="/tags/54/" title="试卷" class="c1" target="_blank">试卷</a> <a href="/tags/255/" title="学年" class="c1" target="_blank">学年</a> <a href="/tags/751/" title="福建" class="c1" target="_blank">福建</a> <a href="/tags/1159/" title="化学" class="c1" target="_blank">化学</a> <a href="/tags/1444/" title="龙岩" class="c1" target="_blank">龙岩</a>  <a href="/tags/54/" title="试卷" class="c1" target="_blank">试卷</a> <a href="/tags/255/" title="学年" class="c1" target="_blank">学年</a> <a href="/tags/751/" title="福建" class="c1" target="_blank">福建</a> <a href="/tags/1159/" title="化学" class="c1" target="_blank">化学</a> <a href="/tags/1444/" title="龙岩" class="c1" target="_blank">龙岩</a>

加等量水溶解,观察溶液颜色

 <a href="/tags/54/" title="试卷" class="c1" target="_blank">试卷</a> <a href="/tags/255/" title="学年" class="c1" target="_blank">学年</a> <a href="/tags/751/" title="福建" class="c1" target="_blank">福建</a> <a href="/tags/1159/" title="化学" class="c1" target="_blank">化学</a> <a href="/tags/1444/" title="龙岩" class="c1" target="_blank">龙岩</a>

二氧化碳和氮气

燃着的木条

A. <a href="/tags/54/" title="试卷" class="c1" target="_blank">试卷</a> <a href="/tags/255/" title="学年" class="c1" target="_blank">学年</a> <a href="/tags/751/" title="福建" class="c1" target="_blank">福建</a> <a href="/tags/1159/" title="化学" class="c1" target="_blank">化学</a> <a href="/tags/1444/" title="龙岩" class="c1" target="_blank">龙岩</a> B. <a href="/tags/54/" title="试卷" class="c1" target="_blank">试卷</a> <a href="/tags/255/" title="学年" class="c1" target="_blank">学年</a> <a href="/tags/751/" title="福建" class="c1" target="_blank">福建</a> <a href="/tags/1159/" title="化学" class="c1" target="_blank">化学</a> <a href="/tags/1444/" title="龙岩" class="c1" target="_blank">龙岩</a> C. <a href="/tags/54/" title="试卷" class="c1" target="_blank">试卷</a> <a href="/tags/255/" title="学年" class="c1" target="_blank">学年</a> <a href="/tags/751/" title="福建" class="c1" target="_blank">福建</a> <a href="/tags/1159/" title="化学" class="c1" target="_blank">化学</a> <a href="/tags/1444/" title="龙岩" class="c1" target="_blank">龙岩</a> D. <a href="/tags/54/" title="试卷" class="c1" target="_blank">试卷</a> <a href="/tags/255/" title="学年" class="c1" target="_blank">学年</a> <a href="/tags/751/" title="福建" class="c1" target="_blank">福建</a> <a href="/tags/1159/" title="化学" class="c1" target="_blank">化学</a> <a href="/tags/1444/" title="龙岩" class="c1" target="_blank">龙岩</a>

 

7. 下列四支试管中,铁钉锈蚀最快的是(       )

A. <a href="/tags/54/" title="试卷" class="c1" target="_blank">试卷</a> <a href="/tags/255/" title="学年" class="c1" target="_blank">学年</a> <a href="/tags/751/" title="福建" class="c1" target="_blank">福建</a> <a href="/tags/1159/" title="化学" class="c1" target="_blank">化学</a> <a href="/tags/1444/" title="龙岩" class="c1" target="_blank">龙岩</a> B. <a href="/tags/54/" title="试卷" class="c1" target="_blank">试卷</a> <a href="/tags/255/" title="学年" class="c1" target="_blank">学年</a> <a href="/tags/751/" title="福建" class="c1" target="_blank">福建</a> <a href="/tags/1159/" title="化学" class="c1" target="_blank">化学</a> <a href="/tags/1444/" title="龙岩" class="c1" target="_blank">龙岩</a> C. <a href="/tags/54/" title="试卷" class="c1" target="_blank">试卷</a> <a href="/tags/255/" title="学年" class="c1" target="_blank">学年</a> <a href="/tags/751/" title="福建" class="c1" target="_blank">福建</a> <a href="/tags/1159/" title="化学" class="c1" target="_blank">化学</a> <a href="/tags/1444/" title="龙岩" class="c1" target="_blank">龙岩</a> D. <a href="/tags/54/" title="试卷" class="c1" target="_blank">试卷</a> <a href="/tags/255/" title="学年" class="c1" target="_blank">学年</a> <a href="/tags/751/" title="福建" class="c1" target="_blank">福建</a> <a href="/tags/1159/" title="化学" class="c1" target="_blank">化学</a> <a href="/tags/1444/" title="龙岩" class="c1" target="_blank">龙岩</a>

 

8. 某种药物的化学式为 <a href="/tags/54/" title="试卷" class="c1" target="_blank">试卷</a> <a href="/tags/255/" title="学年" class="c1" target="_blank">学年</a> <a href="/tags/751/" title="福建" class="c1" target="_blank">福建</a> <a href="/tags/1159/" title="化学" class="c1" target="_blank">化学</a> <a href="/tags/1444/" title="龙岩" class="c1" target="_blank">龙岩</a> ,下列有关该药物的说法错误的是(

A. <a href="/tags/54/" title="试卷" class="c1" target="_blank">试卷</a> <a href="/tags/255/" title="学年" class="c1" target="_blank">学年</a> <a href="/tags/751/" title="福建" class="c1" target="_blank">福建</a> <a href="/tags/1159/" title="化学" class="c1" target="_blank">化学</a> <a href="/tags/1444/" title="龙岩" class="c1" target="_blank">龙岩</a> 个分子由 <a href="/tags/54/" title="试卷" class="c1" target="_blank">试卷</a> <a href="/tags/255/" title="学年" class="c1" target="_blank">学年</a> <a href="/tags/751/" title="福建" class="c1" target="_blank">福建</a> <a href="/tags/1159/" title="化学" class="c1" target="_blank">化学</a> <a href="/tags/1444/" title="龙岩" class="c1" target="_blank">龙岩</a> 个原子构成 B.由四种元素组成
C.相对分子质量为 <a href="/tags/54/" title="试卷" class="c1" target="_blank">试卷</a> <a href="/tags/255/" title="学年" class="c1" target="_blank">学年</a> <a href="/tags/751/" title="福建" class="c1" target="_blank">福建</a> <a href="/tags/1159/" title="化学" class="c1" target="_blank">化学</a> <a href="/tags/1444/" title="龙岩" class="c1" target="_blank">龙岩</a> D.碳、氧两种元素的质量比为 <a href="/tags/54/" title="试卷" class="c1" target="_blank">试卷</a> <a href="/tags/255/" title="学年" class="c1" target="_blank">学年</a> <a href="/tags/751/" title="福建" class="c1" target="_blank">福建</a> <a href="/tags/1159/" title="化学" class="c1" target="_blank">化学</a> <a href="/tags/1444/" title="龙岩" class="c1" target="_blank">龙岩</a>


 

9. 在一密闭容器里放入四种物质,使其在一定条件下充分反应。测得数据如下:


 

反应前质量 <a href="/tags/54/" title="试卷" class="c1" target="_blank">试卷</a> <a href="/tags/255/" title="学年" class="c1" target="_blank">学年</a> <a href="/tags/751/" title="福建" class="c1" target="_blank">福建</a> <a href="/tags/1159/" title="化学" class="c1" target="_blank">化学</a> <a href="/tags/1444/" title="龙岩" class="c1" target="_blank">龙岩</a>

 <a href="/tags/54/" title="试卷" class="c1" target="_blank">试卷</a> <a href="/tags/255/" title="学年" class="c1" target="_blank">学年</a> <a href="/tags/751/" title="福建" class="c1" target="_blank">福建</a> <a href="/tags/1159/" title="化学" class="c1" target="_blank">化学</a> <a href="/tags/1444/" title="龙岩" class="c1" target="_blank">龙岩</a>

 <a href="/tags/54/" title="试卷" class="c1" target="_blank">试卷</a> <a href="/tags/255/" title="学年" class="c1" target="_blank">学年</a> <a href="/tags/751/" title="福建" class="c1" target="_blank">福建</a> <a href="/tags/1159/" title="化学" class="c1" target="_blank">化学</a> <a href="/tags/1444/" title="龙岩" class="c1" target="_blank">龙岩</a>

 <a href="/tags/54/" title="试卷" class="c1" target="_blank">试卷</a> <a href="/tags/255/" title="学年" class="c1" target="_blank">学年</a> <a href="/tags/751/" title="福建" class="c1" target="_blank">福建</a> <a href="/tags/1159/" title="化学" class="c1" target="_blank">化学</a> <a href="/tags/1444/" title="龙岩" class="c1" target="_blank">龙岩</a>

 <a href="/tags/54/" title="试卷" class="c1" target="_blank">试卷</a> <a href="/tags/255/" title="学年" class="c1" target="_blank">学年</a> <a href="/tags/751/" title="福建" class="c1" target="_blank">福建</a> <a href="/tags/1159/" title="化学" class="c1" target="_blank">化学</a> <a href="/tags/1444/" title="龙岩" class="c1" target="_blank">龙岩</a>

反应后质量 <a href="/tags/54/" title="试卷" class="c1" target="_blank">试卷</a> <a href="/tags/255/" title="学年" class="c1" target="_blank">学年</a> <a href="/tags/751/" title="福建" class="c1" target="_blank">福建</a> <a href="/tags/1159/" title="化学" class="c1" target="_blank">化学</a> <a href="/tags/1444/" title="龙岩" class="c1" target="_blank">龙岩</a>

 <a href="/tags/54/" title="试卷" class="c1" target="_blank">试卷</a> <a href="/tags/255/" title="学年" class="c1" target="_blank">学年</a> <a href="/tags/751/" title="福建" class="c1" target="_blank">福建</a> <a href="/tags/1159/" title="化学" class="c1" target="_blank">化学</a> <a href="/tags/1444/" title="龙岩" class="c1" target="_blank">龙岩</a>

未测

 <a href="/tags/54/" title="试卷" class="c1" target="_blank">试卷</a> <a href="/tags/255/" title="学年" class="c1" target="_blank">学年</a> <a href="/tags/751/" title="福建" class="c1" target="_blank">福建</a> <a href="/tags/1159/" title="化学" class="c1" target="_blank">化学</a> <a href="/tags/1444/" title="龙岩" class="c1" target="_blank">龙岩</a>

 <a href="/tags/54/" title="试卷" class="c1" target="_blank">试卷</a> <a href="/tags/255/" title="学年" class="c1" target="_blank">学年</a> <a href="/tags/751/" title="福建" class="c1" target="_blank">福建</a> <a href="/tags/1159/" title="化学" class="c1" target="_blank">化学</a> <a href="/tags/1444/" title="龙岩" class="c1" target="_blank">龙岩</a>

则下列表述正确的是(       )

A.未测值为 <a href="/tags/54/" title="试卷" class="c1" target="_blank">试卷</a> <a href="/tags/255/" title="学年" class="c1" target="_blank">学年</a> <a href="/tags/751/" title="福建" class="c1" target="_blank">福建</a> <a href="/tags/1159/" title="化学" class="c1" target="_blank">化学</a> <a href="/tags/1444/" title="龙岩" class="c1" target="_blank">龙岩</a>

B.参加反应的甲和乙的质量比为 <a href="/tags/54/" title="试卷" class="c1" target="_blank">试卷</a> <a href="/tags/255/" title="学年" class="c1" target="_blank">学年</a> <a href="/tags/751/" title="福建" class="c1" target="_blank">福建</a> <a href="/tags/1159/" title="化学" class="c1" target="_blank">化学</a> <a href="/tags/1444/" title="龙岩" class="c1" target="_blank">龙岩</a>

C.丙一定是催化剂

D.乙全部发生了反应

 

10.  <a href="/tags/54/" title="试卷" class="c1" target="_blank">试卷</a> <a href="/tags/255/" title="学年" class="c1" target="_blank">学年</a> <a href="/tags/751/" title="福建" class="c1" target="_blank">福建</a> <a href="/tags/1159/" title="化学" class="c1" target="_blank">化学</a> <a href="/tags/1444/" title="龙岩" class="c1" target="_blank">龙岩</a> 是利用气压传感器测定红磷燃烧时集气瓶内气压变化的实验装置。点燃红磷,待红磷熄灭并冷却后,打开止水夹。瓶内气压的变化如图 <a href="/tags/54/" title="试卷" class="c1" target="_blank">试卷</a> <a href="/tags/255/" title="学年" class="c1" target="_blank">学年</a> <a href="/tags/751/" title="福建" class="c1" target="_blank">福建</a> <a href="/tags/1159/" title="化学" class="c1" target="_blank">化学</a> <a href="/tags/1444/" title="龙岩" class="c1" target="_blank">龙岩</a> 。下列说法不正确的是(
 <a href="/tags/54/" title="试卷" class="c1" target="_blank">试卷</a> <a href="/tags/255/" title="学年" class="c1" target="_blank">学年</a> <a href="/tags/751/" title="福建" class="c1" target="_blank">福建</a> <a href="/tags/1159/" title="化学" class="c1" target="_blank">化学</a> <a href="/tags/1444/" title="龙岩" class="c1" target="_blank">龙岩</a>

A. <a href="/tags/54/" title="试卷" class="c1" target="_blank">试卷</a> <a href="/tags/255/" title="学年" class="c1" target="_blank">学年</a> <a href="/tags/751/" title="福建" class="c1" target="_blank">福建</a> <a href="/tags/1159/" title="化学" class="c1" target="_blank">化学</a> <a href="/tags/1444/" title="龙岩" class="c1" target="_blank">龙岩</a> 段气压增大是因为燃烧放热

B. <a href="/tags/54/" title="试卷" class="c1" target="_blank">试卷</a> <a href="/tags/255/" title="学年" class="c1" target="_blank">学年</a> <a href="/tags/751/" title="福建" class="c1" target="_blank">福建</a> <a href="/tags/1159/" title="化学" class="c1" target="_blank">化学</a> <a href="/tags/1444/" title="龙岩" class="c1" target="_blank">龙岩</a> 段气压不变是红磷没有开始燃烧

C. <a href="/tags/54/" title="试卷" class="c1" target="_blank">试卷</a> <a href="/tags/255/" title="学年" class="c1" target="_blank">学年</a> <a href="/tags/751/" title="福建" class="c1" target="_blank">福建</a> <a href="/tags/1159/" title="化学" class="c1" target="_blank">化学</a> <a href="/tags/1444/" title="龙岩" class="c1" target="_blank">龙岩</a> 段气压增大是因为烧杯中水进入集气瓶后,气体体积增大

D. <a href="/tags/54/" title="试卷" class="c1" target="_blank">试卷</a> <a href="/tags/255/" title="学年" class="c1" target="_blank">学年</a> <a href="/tags/751/" title="福建" class="c1" target="_blank">福建</a> <a href="/tags/1159/" title="化学" class="c1" target="_blank">化学</a> <a href="/tags/1444/" title="龙岩" class="c1" target="_blank">龙岩</a> 段气压减小是因为集气瓶内氧气不断被消耗

二、解答题

 

在生产生活中,你会发现“化学就在身边”。

1)武德合金常用作保险丝,是因为合金的熔点比组成它的纯金属的熔点要________(填“高”或“低”)。

2)校园里,在远处就能闻到桂花的香味,说明分子________

3)牛奶可预防幼儿及青少年因缺________元素患佝偻病和发育不良。

4)生活中,人们用嘴吹灭蜡烛,其灭火的原理是________

5)生活中作调味用的食盐主要成分是________。(填化学式)

6)超氧化钾 <a href="/tags/54/" title="试卷" class="c1" target="_blank">试卷</a> <a href="/tags/255/" title="学年" class="c1" target="_blank">学年</a> <a href="/tags/751/" title="福建" class="c1" target="_blank">福建</a> <a href="/tags/1159/" title="化学" class="c1" target="_blank">化学</a> <a href="/tags/1444/" title="龙岩" class="c1" target="_blank">龙岩</a> 常备于急救器和消防队员背包中,能迅速与水反应放出氧气: <a href="/tags/54/" title="试卷" class="c1" target="_blank">试卷</a> <a href="/tags/255/" title="学年" class="c1" target="_blank">学年</a> <a href="/tags/751/" title="福建" class="c1" target="_blank">福建</a> <a href="/tags/1159/" title="化学" class="c1" target="_blank">化学</a> <a href="/tags/1444/" title="龙岩" class="c1" target="_blank">龙岩</a> <a href="/tags/54/" title="试卷" class="c1" target="_blank">试卷</a> <a href="/tags/255/" title="学年" class="c1" target="_blank">学年</a> <a href="/tags/751/" title="福建" class="c1" target="_blank">福建</a> <a href="/tags/1159/" title="化学" class="c1" target="_blank">化学</a> <a href="/tags/1444/" title="龙岩" class="c1" target="_blank">龙岩</a> 的化学式为________

 

水是人类及一切生物生存所必需的物质。请你回答:

1)海水、河水、湖水都是天然水,天然水是________物(填“纯净”或“混合”);

2)“南水北调”工程是我国解决水资源分布不均衡的一个有效途径。为了保护好各引水渠中的水源,下列做法中,正确的是________(填写序号);
在引水渠岸边堆放垃圾
向引水渠中排放工业废水
在引水渠两岸植树种草
向引水渠中倾倒生活污水

3)资料一:下图所示为我国部分省市人均水量图
 <a href="/tags/54/" title="试卷" class="c1" target="_blank">试卷</a> <a href="/tags/255/" title="学年" class="c1" target="_blank">学年</a> <a href="/tags/751/" title="福建" class="c1" target="_blank">福建</a> <a href="/tags/1159/" title="化学" class="c1" target="_blank">化学</a> <a href="/tags/1444/" title="龙岩" class="c1" target="_blank">龙岩</a>
资料二:水资源紧缺指标

紧缺性

轻度缺水

中度缺水

重度缺水

极度缺水

人均水量/ <a href="/tags/54/" title="试卷" class="c1" target="_blank">试卷</a> <a href="/tags/255/" title="学年" class="c1" target="_blank">学年</a> <a href="/tags/751/" title="福建" class="c1" target="_blank">福建</a> <a href="/tags/1159/" title="化学" class="c1" target="_blank">化学</a> <a href="/tags/1444/" title="龙岩" class="c1" target="_blank">龙岩</a>

 <a href="/tags/54/" title="试卷" class="c1" target="_blank">试卷</a> <a href="/tags/255/" title="学年" class="c1" target="_blank">学年</a> <a href="/tags/751/" title="福建" class="c1" target="_blank">福建</a> <a href="/tags/1159/" title="化学" class="c1" target="_blank">化学</a> <a href="/tags/1444/" title="龙岩" class="c1" target="_blank">龙岩</a>

 <a href="/tags/54/" title="试卷" class="c1" target="_blank">试卷</a> <a href="/tags/255/" title="学年" class="c1" target="_blank">学年</a> <a href="/tags/751/" title="福建" class="c1" target="_blank">福建</a> <a href="/tags/1159/" title="化学" class="c1" target="_blank">化学</a> <a href="/tags/1444/" title="龙岩" class="c1" target="_blank">龙岩</a>

 <a href="/tags/54/" title="试卷" class="c1" target="_blank">试卷</a> <a href="/tags/255/" title="学年" class="c1" target="_blank">学年</a> <a href="/tags/751/" title="福建" class="c1" target="_blank">福建</a> <a href="/tags/1159/" title="化学" class="c1" target="_blank">化学</a> <a href="/tags/1444/" title="龙岩" class="c1" target="_blank">龙岩</a>

 <a href="/tags/54/" title="试卷" class="c1" target="_blank">试卷</a> <a href="/tags/255/" title="学年" class="c1" target="_blank">学年</a> <a href="/tags/751/" title="福建" class="c1" target="_blank">福建</a> <a href="/tags/1159/" title="化学" class="c1" target="_blank">化学</a> <a href="/tags/1444/" title="龙岩" class="c1" target="_blank">龙岩</a>

上述资料显示,福建属于典型的________缺水城市。我们每个人都应该节约用水,你家中的节水办法是______________________(写出一条即可)。

4)兴趣小组利用如右图所示的装置探究水的组成。检验乙管中产生的气体的方法是____________________________________________________;写出水在通电条件下反应的化学方程式____________________________________,该反应的基本类型是_____________________________
 <a href="/tags/54/" title="试卷" class="c1" target="_blank">试卷</a> <a href="/tags/255/" title="学年" class="c1" target="_blank">学年</a> <a href="/tags/751/" title="福建" class="c1" target="_blank">福建</a> <a href="/tags/1159/" title="化学" class="c1" target="_blank">化学</a> <a href="/tags/1444/" title="龙岩" class="c1" target="_blank">龙岩</a>


 

 <a href="/tags/54/" title="试卷" class="c1" target="_blank">试卷</a> <a href="/tags/255/" title="学年" class="c1" target="_blank">学年</a> <a href="/tags/751/" title="福建" class="c1" target="_blank">福建</a> <a href="/tags/1159/" title="化学" class="c1" target="_blank">化学</a> <a href="/tags/1444/" title="龙岩" class="c1" target="_blank">龙岩</a> 年是国际化学元素周期表年。

1)据有关科研机构介绍,国内 <a href="/tags/54/" title="试卷" class="c1" target="_blank">试卷</a> <a href="/tags/255/" title="学年" class="c1" target="_blank">学年</a> <a href="/tags/751/" title="福建" class="c1" target="_blank">福建</a> <a href="/tags/1159/" title="化学" class="c1" target="_blank">化学</a> <a href="/tags/1444/" title="龙岩" class="c1" target="_blank">龙岩</a> 通信芯片是用氮化镓材料制成。图 <a href="/tags/54/" title="试卷" class="c1" target="_blank">试卷</a> <a href="/tags/255/" title="学年" class="c1" target="_blank">学年</a> <a href="/tags/751/" title="福建" class="c1" target="_blank">福建</a> <a href="/tags/1159/" title="化学" class="c1" target="_blank">化学</a> <a href="/tags/1444/" title="龙岩" class="c1" target="_blank">龙岩</a> 是氮元素在元素周期表中的信息以及镓原子的结构示意图,试回答:
 <a href="/tags/54/" title="试卷" class="c1" target="_blank">试卷</a> <a href="/tags/255/" title="学年" class="c1" target="_blank">学年</a> <a href="/tags/751/" title="福建" class="c1" target="_blank">福建</a> <a href="/tags/1159/" title="化学" class="c1" target="_blank">化学</a> <a href="/tags/1444/" title="龙岩" class="c1" target="_blank">龙岩</a>
氮原子核外电子数为_______;相对原子质量为________
图中 <a href="/tags/54/" title="试卷" class="c1" target="_blank">试卷</a> <a href="/tags/255/" title="学年" class="c1" target="_blank">学年</a> <a href="/tags/751/" title="福建" class="c1" target="_blank">福建</a> <a href="/tags/1159/" title="化学" class="c1" target="_blank">化学</a> <a href="/tags/1444/" title="龙岩" class="c1" target="_blank">龙岩</a> ________,镓原子化学反应中容易________(填得到或失去)电子。
已知氮化镓的化学式为 <a href="/tags/54/" title="试卷" class="c1" target="_blank">试卷</a> <a href="/tags/255/" title="学年" class="c1" target="_blank">学年</a> <a href="/tags/751/" title="福建" class="c1" target="_blank">福建</a> <a href="/tags/1159/" title="化学" class="c1" target="_blank">化学</a> <a href="/tags/1444/" title="龙岩" class="c1" target="_blank">龙岩</a> ,其中镓的化合价为 <a href="/tags/54/" title="试卷" class="c1" target="_blank">试卷</a> <a href="/tags/255/" title="学年" class="c1" target="_blank">学年</a> <a href="/tags/751/" title="福建" class="c1" target="_blank">福建</a> <a href="/tags/1159/" title="化学" class="c1" target="_blank">化学</a> <a href="/tags/1444/" title="龙岩" class="c1" target="_blank">龙岩</a> ,则氮元素化合价为________

2)汽车尾气净化装置中装有铂催化剂,尾气在催化剂表面反应的微观过程如图所示。试回答:
 <a href="/tags/54/" title="试卷" class="c1" target="_blank">试卷</a> <a href="/tags/255/" title="学年" class="c1" target="_blank">学年</a> <a href="/tags/751/" title="福建" class="c1" target="_blank">福建</a> <a href="/tags/1159/" title="化学" class="c1" target="_blank">化学</a> <a href="/tags/1444/" title="龙岩" class="c1" target="_blank">龙岩</a>
反应前后铂催化剂的质量________(填改变或不变)反应过程中,保持不变的微粒是________(填“分子”或“原子”)。
反应中属于单质的物质化学式为________,参加反应的两种物质的分子个数之比为________

 

变化观念和平衡思想是化学核心素养之一。化学变化中,物质在一定条件下可发生转化。(注:“ <a href="/tags/54/" title="试卷" class="c1" target="_blank">试卷</a> <a href="/tags/255/" title="学年" class="c1" target="_blank">学年</a> <a href="/tags/751/" title="福建" class="c1" target="_blank">福建</a> <a href="/tags/1159/" title="化学" class="c1" target="_blank">化学</a> <a href="/tags/1444/" title="龙岩" class="c1" target="_blank">龙岩</a> ”表示某种物质通过一步反应可转化为另一种物质,部分反应物、生成物及反应条件已略去)回答下列问题:

1)如图甲和乙在一定条件下相互转化。
 <a href="/tags/54/" title="试卷" class="c1" target="_blank">试卷</a> <a href="/tags/255/" title="学年" class="c1" target="_blank">学年</a> <a href="/tags/751/" title="福建" class="c1" target="_blank">福建</a> <a href="/tags/1159/" title="化学" class="c1" target="_blank">化学</a> <a href="/tags/1444/" title="龙岩" class="c1" target="_blank">龙岩</a>
其中甲为二氧化碳,乙为碳酸钙,写出路线Ⅰ反应的化学方程式:________

2)若 <a href="/tags/54/" title="试卷" class="c1" target="_blank">试卷</a> <a href="/tags/255/" title="学年" class="c1" target="_blank">学年</a> <a href="/tags/751/" title="福建" class="c1" target="_blank">福建</a> <a href="/tags/1159/" title="化学" class="c1" target="_blank">化学</a> <a href="/tags/1444/" title="龙岩" class="c1" target="_blank">龙岩</a> <a href="/tags/54/" title="试卷" class="c1" target="_blank">试卷</a> <a href="/tags/255/" title="学年" class="c1" target="_blank">学年</a> <a href="/tags/751/" title="福建" class="c1" target="_blank">福建</a> <a href="/tags/1159/" title="化学" class="c1" target="_blank">化学</a> <a href="/tags/1444/" title="龙岩" class="c1" target="_blank">龙岩</a> <a href="/tags/54/" title="试卷" class="c1" target="_blank">试卷</a> <a href="/tags/255/" title="学年" class="c1" target="_blank">学年</a> <a href="/tags/751/" title="福建" class="c1" target="_blank">福建</a> <a href="/tags/1159/" title="化学" class="c1" target="_blank">化学</a> <a href="/tags/1444/" title="龙岩" class="c1" target="_blank">龙岩</a> 均含有同一种元素, <a href="/tags/54/" title="试卷" class="c1" target="_blank">试卷</a> <a href="/tags/255/" title="学年" class="c1" target="_blank">学年</a> <a href="/tags/751/" title="福建" class="c1" target="_blank">福建</a> <a href="/tags/1159/" title="化学" class="c1" target="_blank">化学</a> <a href="/tags/1444/" title="龙岩" class="c1" target="_blank">龙岩</a> <a href="/tags/54/" title="试卷" class="c1" target="_blank">试卷</a> <a href="/tags/255/" title="学年" class="c1" target="_blank">学年</a> <a href="/tags/751/" title="福建" class="c1" target="_blank">福建</a> <a href="/tags/1159/" title="化学" class="c1" target="_blank">化学</a> <a href="/tags/1444/" title="龙岩" class="c1" target="_blank">龙岩</a> 组成元素相同, <a href="/tags/54/" title="试卷" class="c1" target="_blank">试卷</a> <a href="/tags/255/" title="学年" class="c1" target="_blank">学年</a> <a href="/tags/751/" title="福建" class="c1" target="_blank">福建</a> <a href="/tags/1159/" title="化学" class="c1" target="_blank">化学</a> <a href="/tags/1444/" title="龙岩" class="c1" target="_blank">龙岩</a> 的固体俗称“干冰”,则 <a href="/tags/54/" title="试卷" class="c1" target="_blank">试卷</a> <a href="/tags/255/" title="学年" class="c1" target="_blank">学年</a> <a href="/tags/751/" title="福建" class="c1" target="_blank">福建</a> <a href="/tags/1159/" title="化学" class="c1" target="_blank">化学</a> <a href="/tags/1444/" title="龙岩" class="c1" target="_blank">龙岩</a> 的化学式是________
 <a href="/tags/54/" title="试卷" class="c1" target="_blank">试卷</a> <a href="/tags/255/" title="学年" class="c1" target="_blank">学年</a> <a href="/tags/751/" title="福建" class="c1" target="_blank">福建</a> <a href="/tags/1159/" title="化学" class="c1" target="_blank">化学</a> <a href="/tags/1444/" title="龙岩" class="c1" target="_blank">龙岩</a>

 

 <a href="/tags/54/" title="试卷" class="c1" target="_blank">试卷</a> <a href="/tags/255/" title="学年" class="c1" target="_blank">学年</a> <a href="/tags/751/" title="福建" class="c1" target="_blank">福建</a> <a href="/tags/1159/" title="化学" class="c1" target="_blank">化学</a> <a href="/tags/1444/" title="龙岩" class="c1" target="_blank">龙岩</a> 年我国高铁总里程将突破 <a href="/tags/54/" title="试卷" class="c1" target="_blank">试卷</a> <a href="/tags/255/" title="学年" class="c1" target="_blank">学年</a> <a href="/tags/751/" title="福建" class="c1" target="_blank">福建</a> <a href="/tags/1159/" title="化学" class="c1" target="_blank">化学</a> <a href="/tags/1444/" title="龙岩" class="c1" target="_blank">龙岩</a> 万公里,提前一年实现《中长期铁路网规划》的宏伟目标。

1)动车电路中的导线大多选用铜制造的,这是利用了铜的________性。

2)动车表面喷漆主要是为了防止外壳腐蚀,其原理是________

3)铁路焊接的原理为:高温下,铝与氧化铁 <a href="/tags/54/" title="试卷" class="c1" target="_blank">试卷</a> <a href="/tags/255/" title="学年" class="c1" target="_blank">学年</a> <a href="/tags/751/" title="福建" class="c1" target="_blank">福建</a> <a href="/tags/1159/" title="化学" class="c1" target="_blank">化学</a> <a href="/tags/1444/" title="龙岩" class="c1" target="_blank">龙岩</a> 反应得到熔融的铁与氧化铝。该反应的化学方程式为_____________________,基本反应类型为________反应。

4)某工厂将生产过程中产生的含铜废料按图进行回收并合理应用:
 <a href="/tags/54/" title="试卷" class="c1" target="_blank">试卷</a> <a href="/tags/255/" title="学年" class="c1" target="_blank">学年</a> <a href="/tags/751/" title="福建" class="c1" target="_blank">福建</a> <a href="/tags/1159/" title="化学" class="c1" target="_blank">化学</a> <a href="/tags/1444/" title="龙岩" class="c1" target="_blank">龙岩</a>
步骤Ⅰ反应的化学方程式为:________
古代“湿法冶金”的原理与图中步骤________(填“Ⅰ”“Ⅱ”或“Ⅲ”)的反应原理相同。
从“不溶物 <a href="/tags/54/" title="试卷" class="c1" target="_blank">试卷</a> <a href="/tags/255/" title="学年" class="c1" target="_blank">学年</a> <a href="/tags/751/" title="福建" class="c1" target="_blank">福建</a> <a href="/tags/1159/" title="化学" class="c1" target="_blank">化学</a> <a href="/tags/1444/" title="龙岩" class="c1" target="_blank">龙岩</a> ”中提纯铜单质可用的方法有________

 

下图是实验室制取气体的有关装置图,据图回答下列问题:
 <a href="/tags/54/" title="试卷" class="c1" target="_blank">试卷</a> <a href="/tags/255/" title="学年" class="c1" target="_blank">学年</a> <a href="/tags/751/" title="福建" class="c1" target="_blank">福建</a> <a href="/tags/1159/" title="化学" class="c1" target="_blank">化学</a> <a href="/tags/1444/" title="龙岩" class="c1" target="_blank">龙岩</a>

1)写出图中标号仪器的名称:①________,②________

2)实验室制取 <a href="/tags/54/" title="试卷" class="c1" target="_blank">试卷</a> <a href="/tags/255/" title="学年" class="c1" target="_blank">学年</a> <a href="/tags/751/" title="福建" class="c1" target="_blank">福建</a> <a href="/tags/1159/" title="化学" class="c1" target="_blank">化学</a> <a href="/tags/1444/" title="龙岩" class="c1" target="_blank">龙岩</a> 的化学方程式为________,收集装置为________(填装置序号),验满的方法是________

3)若用氯酸钾制取氧气,选用的发生装置为________(填装置序号),反应的化学方程式为________,若用 <a href="/tags/54/" title="试卷" class="c1" target="_blank">试卷</a> <a href="/tags/255/" title="学年" class="c1" target="_blank">学年</a> <a href="/tags/751/" title="福建" class="c1" target="_blank">福建</a> <a href="/tags/1159/" title="化学" class="c1" target="_blank">化学</a> <a href="/tags/1444/" title="龙岩" class="c1" target="_blank">龙岩</a> 装置收集氧气,氧气应从________(填“ <a href="/tags/54/" title="试卷" class="c1" target="_blank">试卷</a> <a href="/tags/255/" title="学年" class="c1" target="_blank">学年</a> <a href="/tags/751/" title="福建" class="c1" target="_blank">福建</a> <a href="/tags/1159/" title="化学" class="c1" target="_blank">化学</a> <a href="/tags/1444/" title="龙岩" class="c1" target="_blank">龙岩</a> ”或“ <a href="/tags/54/" title="试卷" class="c1" target="_blank">试卷</a> <a href="/tags/255/" title="学年" class="c1" target="_blank">学年</a> <a href="/tags/751/" title="福建" class="c1" target="_blank">福建</a> <a href="/tags/1159/" title="化学" class="c1" target="_blank">化学</a> <a href="/tags/1444/" title="龙岩" class="c1" target="_blank">龙岩</a> ”)端通入;

4)若要 <a href="/tags/54/" title="试卷" class="c1" target="_blank">试卷</a> <a href="/tags/255/" title="学年" class="c1" target="_blank">学年</a> <a href="/tags/751/" title="福建" class="c1" target="_blank">福建</a> <a href="/tags/1159/" title="化学" class="c1" target="_blank">化学</a> <a href="/tags/1444/" title="龙岩" class="c1" target="_blank">龙岩</a> 中的两个气球悬浮在空气中,则甲可能是________(填序号):
 <a href="/tags/54/" title="试卷" class="c1" target="_blank">试卷</a> <a href="/tags/255/" title="学年" class="c1" target="_blank">学年</a> <a href="/tags/751/" title="福建" class="c1" target="_blank">福建</a> <a href="/tags/1159/" title="化学" class="c1" target="_blank">化学</a> <a href="/tags/1444/" title="龙岩" class="c1" target="_blank">龙岩</a> .空气      <a href="/tags/54/" title="试卷" class="c1" target="_blank">试卷</a> <a href="/tags/255/" title="学年" class="c1" target="_blank">学年</a> <a href="/tags/751/" title="福建" class="c1" target="_blank">福建</a> <a href="/tags/1159/" title="化学" class="c1" target="_blank">化学</a> <a href="/tags/1444/" title="龙岩" class="c1" target="_blank">龙岩</a> .氧气      <a href="/tags/54/" title="试卷" class="c1" target="_blank">试卷</a> <a href="/tags/255/" title="学年" class="c1" target="_blank">学年</a> <a href="/tags/751/" title="福建" class="c1" target="_blank">福建</a> <a href="/tags/1159/" title="化学" class="c1" target="_blank">化学</a> <a href="/tags/1444/" title="龙岩" class="c1" target="_blank">龙岩</a> .氢气

5 <a href="/tags/54/" title="试卷" class="c1" target="_blank">试卷</a> <a href="/tags/255/" title="学年" class="c1" target="_blank">学年</a> <a href="/tags/751/" title="福建" class="c1" target="_blank">福建</a> <a href="/tags/1159/" title="化学" class="c1" target="_blank">化学</a> <a href="/tags/1444/" title="龙岩" class="c1" target="_blank">龙岩</a> 装置中集气瓶中预先装满 <a href="/tags/54/" title="试卷" class="c1" target="_blank">试卷</a> <a href="/tags/255/" title="学年" class="c1" target="_blank">学年</a> <a href="/tags/751/" title="福建" class="c1" target="_blank">福建</a> <a href="/tags/1159/" title="化学" class="c1" target="_blank">化学</a> <a href="/tags/1444/" title="龙岩" class="c1" target="_blank">龙岩</a> 气体,打开分液漏斗活塞加入足量澄清石灰水,观察到的现象是气球________(填“变大”“变小”或“不变”)。

 

实验室中用一氧化碳还原纯净的 <a href="/tags/54/" title="试卷" class="c1" target="_blank">试卷</a> <a href="/tags/255/" title="学年" class="c1" target="_blank">学年</a> <a href="/tags/751/" title="福建" class="c1" target="_blank">福建</a> <a href="/tags/1159/" title="化学" class="c1" target="_blank">化学</a> <a href="/tags/1444/" title="龙岩" class="c1" target="_blank">龙岩</a> 粉末。
 <a href="/tags/54/" title="试卷" class="c1" target="_blank">试卷</a> <a href="/tags/255/" title="学年" class="c1" target="_blank">学年</a> <a href="/tags/751/" title="福建" class="c1" target="_blank">福建</a> <a href="/tags/1159/" title="化学" class="c1" target="_blank">化学</a> <a href="/tags/1444/" title="龙岩" class="c1" target="_blank">龙岩</a>
反应后装置中玻璃管内固体粉末由红色全部变为黑色。小明同学认为该黑色固体全部是铁,但小军同学提出了质疑,于是同学们提出查阅资料,寻求真理。
【查阅资料】一氧化碳还原 <a href="/tags/54/" title="试卷" class="c1" target="_blank">试卷</a> <a href="/tags/255/" title="学年" class="c1" target="_blank">学年</a> <a href="/tags/751/" title="福建" class="c1" target="_blank">福建</a> <a href="/tags/1159/" title="化学" class="c1" target="_blank">化学</a> <a href="/tags/1444/" title="龙岩" class="c1" target="_blank">龙岩</a> 的固体产物的成分与反应温度、时间有关,产物可能是 <a href="/tags/54/" title="试卷" class="c1" target="_blank">试卷</a> <a href="/tags/255/" title="学年" class="c1" target="_blank">学年</a> <a href="/tags/751/" title="福建" class="c1" target="_blank">福建</a> <a href="/tags/1159/" title="化学" class="c1" target="_blank">化学</a> <a href="/tags/1444/" title="龙岩" class="c1" target="_blank">龙岩</a> <a href="/tags/54/" title="试卷" class="c1" target="_blank">试卷</a> <a href="/tags/255/" title="学年" class="c1" target="_blank">学年</a> <a href="/tags/751/" title="福建" class="c1" target="_blank">福建</a> <a href="/tags/1159/" title="化学" class="c1" target="_blank">化学</a> <a href="/tags/1444/" title="龙岩" class="c1" target="_blank">龙岩</a> <a href="/tags/54/" title="试卷" class="c1" target="_blank">试卷</a> <a href="/tags/255/" title="学年" class="c1" target="_blank">学年</a> <a href="/tags/751/" title="福建" class="c1" target="_blank">福建</a> <a href="/tags/1159/" title="化学" class="c1" target="_blank">化学</a> <a href="/tags/1444/" title="龙岩" class="c1" target="_blank">龙岩</a>
几种物质的性质


物质性质

 <a href="/tags/54/" title="试卷" class="c1" target="_blank">试卷</a> <a href="/tags/255/" title="学年" class="c1" target="_blank">学年</a> <a href="/tags/751/" title="福建" class="c1" target="_blank">福建</a> <a href="/tags/1159/" title="化学" class="c1" target="_blank">化学</a> <a href="/tags/1444/" title="龙岩" class="c1" target="_blank">龙岩</a>

 <a href="/tags/54/" title="试卷" class="c1" target="_blank">试卷</a> <a href="/tags/255/" title="学年" class="c1" target="_blank">学年</a> <a href="/tags/751/" title="福建" class="c1" target="_blank">福建</a> <a href="/tags/1159/" title="化学" class="c1" target="_blank">化学</a> <a href="/tags/1444/" title="龙岩" class="c1" target="_blank">龙岩</a>

 <a href="/tags/54/" title="试卷" class="c1" target="_blank">试卷</a> <a href="/tags/255/" title="学年" class="c1" target="_blank">学年</a> <a href="/tags/751/" title="福建" class="c1" target="_blank">福建</a> <a href="/tags/1159/" title="化学" class="c1" target="_blank">化学</a> <a href="/tags/1444/" title="龙岩" class="c1" target="_blank">龙岩</a>

 <a href="/tags/54/" title="试卷" class="c1" target="_blank">试卷</a> <a href="/tags/255/" title="学年" class="c1" target="_blank">学年</a> <a href="/tags/751/" title="福建" class="c1" target="_blank">福建</a> <a href="/tags/1159/" title="化学" class="c1" target="_blank">化学</a> <a href="/tags/1444/" title="龙岩" class="c1" target="_blank">龙岩</a>

颜色

黑色

红色

黑色

黑色

能否被磁铁吸引

不能

不能

已知反应: <a href="/tags/54/" title="试卷" class="c1" target="_blank">试卷</a> <a href="/tags/255/" title="学年" class="c1" target="_blank">学年</a> <a href="/tags/751/" title="福建" class="c1" target="_blank">福建</a> <a href="/tags/1159/" title="化学" class="c1" target="_blank">化学</a> <a href="/tags/1444/" title="龙岩" class="c1" target="_blank">龙岩</a> <a href="/tags/54/" title="试卷" class="c1" target="_blank">试卷</a> <a href="/tags/255/" title="学年" class="c1" target="_blank">学年</a> <a href="/tags/751/" title="福建" class="c1" target="_blank">福建</a> <a href="/tags/1159/" title="化学" class="c1" target="_blank">化学</a> <a href="/tags/1444/" title="龙岩" class="c1" target="_blank">龙岩</a> 溶液呈棕黄色。

【实验 <a href="/tags/54/" title="试卷" class="c1" target="_blank">试卷</a> <a href="/tags/255/" title="学年" class="c1" target="_blank">学年</a> <a href="/tags/751/" title="福建" class="c1" target="_blank">福建</a> <a href="/tags/1159/" title="化学" class="c1" target="_blank">化学</a> <a href="/tags/1444/" title="龙岩" class="c1" target="_blank">龙岩</a> 】(1)该小组同学将反应后的黑色固体研细后,用磁铁吸引,发现黑色粉末全部能被吸引,则该黑色粉末中不可能含有 <a href="/tags/54/" title="试卷" class="c1" target="_blank">试卷</a> <a href="/tags/255/" title="学年" class="c1" target="_blank">学年</a> <a href="/tags/751/" title="福建" class="c1" target="_blank">福建</a> <a href="/tags/1159/" title="化学" class="c1" target="_blank">化学</a> <a href="/tags/1444/" title="龙岩" class="c1" target="_blank">龙岩</a>________(填化学式)。
黑色固体粉末的成分是什么?
猜想Ⅰ:全部为 <a href="/tags/54/" title="试卷" class="c1" target="_blank">试卷</a> <a href="/tags/255/" title="学年" class="c1" target="_blank">学年</a> <a href="/tags/751/" title="福建" class="c1" target="_blank">福建</a> <a href="/tags/1159/" title="化学" class="c1" target="_blank">化学</a> <a href="/tags/1444/" title="龙岩" class="c1" target="_blank">龙岩</a>
猜想Ⅱ:全部为 <a href="/tags/54/" title="试卷" class="c1" target="_blank">试卷</a> <a href="/tags/255/" title="学年" class="c1" target="_blank">学年</a> <a href="/tags/751/" title="福建" class="c1" target="_blank">福建</a> <a href="/tags/1159/" title="化学" class="c1" target="_blank">化学</a> <a href="/tags/1444/" title="龙岩" class="c1" target="_blank">龙岩</a>
猜想Ⅲ:________(填化学式)。

2)实验:将黑色粉末加入到足量的稀盐酸中,全部溶解,观察现象:
有无色气体产生,②溶液呈棕黄色。
由上述实验现象,得出上述猜想________正确。

【评价与反思】(3)装置中澄清石灰水的作用是___________;若撤出装置中点燃的酒精灯可能造成的后果是______________________

 

碳酸钙是牙膏中一种常用的摩擦剂,可用石灰石作原料来制备。宜昌市某牙膏厂现有一批石灰石样品,小丽为探究所含碳酸钙的质量分数,称取 <a href="/tags/54/" title="试卷" class="c1" target="_blank">试卷</a> <a href="/tags/255/" title="学年" class="c1" target="_blank">学年</a> <a href="/tags/751/" title="福建" class="c1" target="_blank">福建</a> <a href="/tags/1159/" title="化学" class="c1" target="_blank">化学</a> <a href="/tags/1444/" title="龙岩" class="c1" target="_blank">龙岩</a> 样品,磨成粉末后,放在电炉上高温煅烧至质量不再发生变化,称量剩余物质量为 <a href="/tags/54/" title="试卷" class="c1" target="_blank">试卷</a> <a href="/tags/255/" title="学年" class="c1" target="_blank">学年</a> <a href="/tags/751/" title="福建" class="c1" target="_blank">福建</a> <a href="/tags/1159/" title="化学" class="c1" target="_blank">化学</a> <a href="/tags/1444/" title="龙岩" class="c1" target="_blank">龙岩</a>
(有关反应的化学方程式为: <a href="/tags/54/" title="试卷" class="c1" target="_blank">试卷</a> <a href="/tags/255/" title="学年" class="c1" target="_blank">学年</a> <a href="/tags/751/" title="福建" class="c1" target="_blank">福建</a> <a href="/tags/1159/" title="化学" class="c1" target="_blank">化学</a> <a href="/tags/1444/" title="龙岩" class="c1" target="_blank">龙岩</a> ,假设石灰石样品中杂质不参加反应。)
据此我能计算:

1)生成二氧化碳的质量________ <a href="/tags/54/" title="试卷" class="c1" target="_blank">试卷</a> <a href="/tags/255/" title="学年" class="c1" target="_blank">学年</a> <a href="/tags/751/" title="福建" class="c1" target="_blank">福建</a> <a href="/tags/1159/" title="化学" class="c1" target="_blank">化学</a> <a href="/tags/1444/" title="龙岩" class="c1" target="_blank">龙岩</a>

2)此石灰石样品中碳酸钙的质量分数。



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