2016年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（新课标卷Ⅰ）英语
第Ⅰ卷
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分 30 分）
略
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（共15小题：每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
You probably know who Marie Curie was,but you may not have heard of Rachel Carson.Of the outstanding ladies listed below,who do you think was the most important woman of the past 100 years?
Jane Addams(1860-1935)
Anyone who has ever been helped by a social worker has Jane Addams to thank.Addans helped the poor and worked for peace. She encouraged a sense of community(社区)by creating shelters and promoting education and services for people in need In 1931,Addams became the first American woman to win the Nobel Peace Prize.
Rachel Carson(1907-1964)
If it weren’t for Rachel Carson, the environmental movement might not exist today.Her popular 1962 book Silent Spring raised awareness of the dangers of pollution and the harmful effects of chemicals on humans and on the world’s lakes and oceans.
Sandra Day O’Connor(1930-present)
When Sandra Day O’Connor finished third in her class at Stanford Law School, in 1952,she could not find work at a law firm because she was a woman. She became an Arizona state senator(参议员) and ,in 1981, the first woman to join the U.S. Supreme Court. O’Connor gave the deciding vote in many important cases during her 24 years on the top court.
Rosa Parks(1913-2005)
On December 1,1955,in Montgomery,Alabama,Rasa Parks would not give up her seat on a bus to a passenger. Her simple act landed Parks in prison.But it also set lff the Montgmery bus boycott. It lasted for more than a year, and kicked off the civil-rights movement. “The only tired I was, was tired lr giving in,”said Parks.
21.What is jane Addams noted for in history?
A. Her social work.
B. Her lack of proper training in law.
C. Her efforts to win a prize.
D. Her community background.
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段首句可知她是一位社会工作者，而且获得诺贝尔和平奖。故选A。
答案：A
22. What is the reason for O’Connor’s being rejected by the law firm?
A. Her lack of proper training in law.
B. Her little work experience in court.
C. The discrimination against women.
D. The poor financial conditions.
解析：细节题。根据第四段中She could not find work at a law firm because she was a woman 可知，她因为是女性而被法律公司拒绝录用。故选C。
答案：C
23. Who made a great contribution to the civil-rights movement in the US?
A. Jane Addams.
B. Rachel Carson.
C. Sandra Day O’Connor.
D. Ross Parks.
解析：细节理解题。根据末段倒数第二句中and kicked off the civil-rights movement可知，Rosa Parks对民权运动做出了贡献。故选D。
答案：D
24. What can we infer about the women mentioned in the text?
A. They are highly educated.
B. They are truly creative.
C. They are pioneers.
D. They are peace-lovers.
解析：推理判断题。根据文章对这几个人物的介绍可知，这些女性都是在各自的领域为社会做出贡献的先驱。故选C。
答案：C
B
Grandparents Answer a Call
As a third generation native of Brownsville, Texas, Mildred Garza never pleased move away,. Even when her daughter and son asked her to move to San Antonio to help their children, she politely refused . Only after a year of friendly discussion did Ms Gaf finally say yes. That was four years ago. Today all three generations regard the move to a success,giving them a closer relationship than they would have had in separate cities.
No statistics show the number of grandparents like Garza who are moving closer to the children and grandchildren. Yet there is evidence suggesting that the trend is growing. Even President Obama’s mother-in-law, Marian Robinson, has agreed to leave Chicago and into the White House to help care for her granddaughters. According to a study grandparents com. 83 percent of the people said Mrs. Robinson ‘s decision will influence the grandparents in the American family. Two-thirds believe more families will follow the example of Obama’s family.
“in the 1960s we were all a little wild and couldn’t get away from home far enough fsst enough to prove we could do it on our own,”says Christine Crosby, publisher of grate manazine for grandparents .We now realize how important family is and how important”” to be near them, especially when you’re raining children.”
Moving is not for everyone. Almost every grandparent wants to be with his or her grandchildren and is willing to make sacrifices, but sometimes it is wiser to say no and visit frequently instead. Having your grandchildren far away is hard, especially knowing your adult child is struggling, but giving up the life you know may be harder.
25. Why was Garza’s move a success?
A. It strengthened her family ties.
B. It improved her living conditions.
C. It enabled her make more friends.
D. It helped her know more new places.
解析：细节理解题。根据苜段末句可知，Mildred Garza老人搬到离孩子近的地方居住让他们的关系更密切，一家人认为这是一个成功的事情。故选A。
答案：A
26.What was the reaction of the public to Mrs. Robinson’s decision?
A. 17% expressed their support for it.
B. Few people responded sympathetically.
C. 83% believed it had a bad influence.
D. The majority thought it was a trend.
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段末句Two thirds believe more families will follow the example of Obama’s family可知，很多人会受Marian Robinson的影响，所以这回形成一种潮流。故选D。
答案：D
27. What did Crosby say about people in the 1960s?
A. They were unsure of raise more children.
B. They were eager to raise more children.
C. They wanted to live away from their parents.
D. They bad little respect for their grandparent.
解析：细节理解题。根据第三段首句可知，在60年代人们都希望离开家，以此来证明自己的独立。故选 C。
答案：C
28. What does the author suggest the grandparents do in the lasr paragraph?
A. Make decisions in the best interests' of their own
B. Ask their children to pay more visits to them
C. Sacrifice for their struggling children
D. Get to know themselves better
解析：推理判断题。根据末段推知，作者建议人们要明智不要为了孩子而做出牺牲。故选A。答案：A
C
I am peter Hodes ,a volunteer stem courier. Since March 2012, I've done 89 trips of those , 51 have been abroad, I have 42 hours to carry stem cells（干细胞）in my little box because I've got two ice packs and that's how long they last, in all, from the time the stem cells are harvested from a donor(捐献者) to the time they can be implanted in the patient, we’ve got 72 hours at most, So I am always conscious of time.
I had one trip last year where I was caught by a hurricane in America. I picked up the stem cells in Providence, Rhode Island, and was meant to fly to Washington then back to London. But when I arrived at the check-in desk at Providence, the lady on the desk said:”Well, I’m really sorry, I’ve got some bad news for you-there are no fights from Washington.”So I took my box and put it on the desk and I said:”In this box are some stem cells that are urgently needed for a patient-please, please, you’ve got to get me back to the United Kingdom.”She just dropped everything. She arranged for a flight on a small plance to be held for me.re-routed(改道)me through Newark and got me back to the UK even earlier than originally scheduled.
For this courier job, you’re consciously aware than that box you’re got something that is potentially going to save somebody’s life.
29.Which of the following can replace the underlined word “courier” in Paragraph17
A.provider
B. delivery man
C. collector
D. medical doctor
解析：词义猜测题。根据本段内容 I’ve done 89 trips和I have 42 hours to carry stem cells in my little box以及第二段内容可知作者是运送干细胞的人，也就是delivery man。故选B 。
答案：B
30.Why does Peter have to complete his trip within 42hours?
A. He cannot stay away from his job too long.
B. The donor can only wait for that long.
C. The operation needs that very much.
D. The ice won't last any longer.
解析：细节理解題。根据第一段第二句 I have 42 hours to carry stem cells in my link box because I’ve got two ice packs and that’s how long they last.可知冰盒只能保持42小时适宜的温度。故选D。
答案：D
31.Which flight did the woman put Peter on first?
A. To London
B. To
Newark
C. To Providence
D. To Washington
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段末句She arranged for a flight on a small plane to be held for me, re-routed me through Newark可知，这位好心的女士首先安排作者去Newark的航班。故选B。
答案：B
D
The meaning of silence varies among cultural groups. Silences may be thoughtful, or they may be empty when a person has nothing to say. A silence in a conversation may also show stubbornness, or worry. Silence may be viewed by some cultural groups as extremely uncomfortable; therefore attempts may be made to fill every gap(间隙)with conversation. Persons in other cultural groups value silence and view it as necessary for understanding a person's needs.
Many Native Americans value silence and feel it is a basic part of communicating among people, just as some traditional Chinese and Thai persons do. Therefore, when a person from one of these cultures is speaking and suddenly stops, what maybe implied(暗示) is that the person
wants the listener to consider what has been said before continuing.
In these cultures, silence is a call for reflection.
Other cultures may use silence in other ways, particularly when dealing with conflicts among people or in relationships of people with different amounts of power. For example, Russian, French, and Spanish persons may use silence to show agreement between parties about the topic udner discussion. However, Mexicans may use silence when instructions are given by a person in authority rather than be rude to that person by arguing with him or her. In still another use, persons in Asian cultures may view silence as a sign of respect, particularly to an elder or a person in authority.
Nurses and other care-geivers need to be aware of the possible meanings of silence when they come across the personal anxiety their patients may be expericencing. Nurses should recognize their own personal and cultural construction of silence so that a patient’s silence is not interrupted too early or allowed to go on unnecessarily. A nurse who understands the healing(治愈) value of silence can use this understanding to assist in the care of patients from their own and from other cultures.
What does the author say about silence in conversations?
A.It implies anger.
B.It promotes friendship.
C.It is culture-specific.
D.It is content-based.
解析：细节理解题。根据文意首段首句The meaning of silence varies among cultural groups 可知，作者认为沉默是有文化特性的。
答案：C
Which of the following people might regard silence as a call for careful thought?
A.The Chinese.
B.The French.
C.The Mexicans.
D.The Russians.
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中 what may be implied is that the person wants the listener to consider what has been said before continuing可知中国人认为谈话时人们沉默是在思考。
答案：A
What does the author advise nurses to do about silence?
A.Let it continue as the patient pleases.
B.Break it while treating patients.
C.Evaluate its harm to patients.
D.Make use of its healing effects.
解析：细节理解题。根据末段末句A nurse who understands the healing value of silence can use this understanding to assist in the care of patients可知，作者建议护士要用沉默来冶疗病人。故选D。
答案：D
What may be the best title for the text?
A.Sound and Silence
B.What It Means to Be Silent
C.Silence to Native Americans
D.Speech Is Silver; Silence Is Gold
解析：主旨要义题。文章主要介绍了在不同文化背景下谈话朗间的沉默的不同含义，由此判断B选项可以概括文章内容。故选B。
答案：B
第二节 （共 5 小题，每小题 2 分，满分 10 分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。
Secret codes (密码)keep messages private。Banks, companies, and government agencies use secret codes in doing business, especially when information is sent by computer.
People have used secret codes for thousands of years. 36 Code breaking never lags(落后) far behind code making. The science of creating and reading coded messages is called cryptography.
There are three main types of cryptography. 37 For example, the first letters of “My elephant eats too many eels” Spell out the hidden message “Meet me.”
38 You might represent each letter with a number, For example, Let’s number the letters of the alphabet, in order, from 1 to 26. If we substitute a number for each letter, the message “Meet me” would read “13 5 20 13 5.”
A code uses symbols to replace words, phrases, or sentences. To read the message of a real code, you must have a code book. 39 For example, ”bridge“ might stand for “meet” and “out” might stand for “me.” The message “bridge out” would actually mean “Meet me.” 40 However, it is also hard to keep a code book secret for long. So codes must be changed frequently.
A.
It is very hard to break a code without the code book.
B.
In any language, some letters are used more than others.
C.
Only people who know the keyword can read the message.
D.
As long as there have been codes, people have tried to break them.
E.
You can hide a message by having the first letters of each word spell it out.
F.
With a code book, you might write down words that would stand for other words.
G.
Another way to hide a message is to use symbols to stand for specific letters of the alphabet.
【答案】
36.
解析：后句内容可以判断该空应该和密码的破译有关，故判断D项内容符合语境逻辑，可以承接上下文。
答案：D
37.
解析：后面举的例子是来证明人们设置密码时往往会利用一些单词的笫一个字母来作为密码，由此判断故E 选项内容符含语境逻辑。
答案：E
38.
解析：根据后面的解释内容可以判断这是介绍密码设置的又一种方法，故判断G选项符合语境。
答案：G
39.
解析：根据后面的举例以及前句中的 a code book可以判断该句是介绍密码书的使用，故判断F选项可以起到承上启下的作用。
答案：F
40.
解析：根据空后内容的转折可知尽管利用密码书可以破译密码，但是一本密码书也不会使用很久的时间，故判断A选项符合语境。
答案：A
第三部分 英语知识运用 （共两节，满分 45）
第一节 完形填空（共 20 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 30 分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C 和 D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A Heroic Driver
Larry works with Transport Drivers. Inc. One morning in 2009. Larry was 41
along 165 north after delivering to one of his 42 . suddenly, he saw a car with its bright lights on. 43 he got closer, he found 44 vehicle upside down on the road. One more look and he noticed 45 shooting out from under the 46 vehicle. Larry pulled over, set the brake and 47 the fire extinguisher (灭火器). Two good bursts from the extinguisher and the fire was put out.
The man who had his bright lights on 48 and told Larry he had 49 an emergency call. They 50 heard a woman’s voice coming from the wrecked (毁坏的) vehicle. 51 the vehicle, they saw that a woman was trying to get out of the broken window. They told her to stay 52 until the emergency personnel arrived, 53 she thought the car was going to 54 . Larry told her that he had already put out the fire and she should not move 55 she injured her neck.
Once fire and emergency people arrive, Larry and the other man 56 and let them go to work. Then, Larry asked the 57 if he was needed or 58 to go. They let him and the other man go.
One thing is 59 —Larry went above and beyond the call of duty by getting so close to the burning vehicle! His 60 most likely saved the woman’s life.
41.
A. walking
B. touring
C. traveling
D. rushing
解析：考査动词辨析及语境理解。Walk走路；tour旅行；travel旅澥，行进；rush冲。根据下文中Larry pulled over可知他沿看公路行驶。故选C。
答案：C
42.
A. passengers
B. colleagues
C. employers
D. customers
解析：考査动词辨祈及语境理解。根据苜句Larry works with Transport Drivers, Inc可知他是送货司机，由此推段他应该是在给客户送完货后回去的路上。
答案：D
43.
A. Since
B. Although
C. As
D. If
解析：考查连词辨析及语境理解。根据语境判断当他走近的时候，他又发现了另一辆汽车。as“当…时候”。
答案：C
44.
A. each
B. another
C. that
D. his
解析：考查代词辨析及语境理解。根据前句Suddenly, he saw a car with its bright lights on,可知当时有一辆开着亮灯的车，由此判断他又发现一辆损毁的汽车。
答案：B
45.
A. flames
B. smoke
C. water
D. steam
解析：考查名词辨析及语境理解。根据第一段末句the fire was put out可知当时汽车是着火了。Flame火苗；smoke烟；water水；steam蒸汽。故选A。
答案：A
46.
A. used
B. disabled
C. removed
D. abandoned
解析：考查形容词词辨析及语境理解。根据第二段中a women’s voice coming from the wrecked vehicle，可知汽车是毁坏了的，used使用；disabled 残废的；removed被移除了的；abandoned被遗弃的。故选B。
答案：B
47.
A. got hold of
B. prepared
C. took charge of
D. controlled
解析：考查动词辨析及语境理解。根据后句可知他下车灭火。Get hold of拿起；prepare准备；take charge of负责；control控制。故选A。
答案：A
48.
A. came down
B. came through
C. came in
D. came over
解析：考査动词辨析及语境理解。根据and told Larry he had 48 an emergency call可知，那个司机走了过来和Larry说话。Come down 下来，；come through 经历，；come in 进来；come over 走过来。故选D。
答案：D
49.
A. returned
B. received
C. made
D. confirmed
解析：考査动词辨析及语境理解。根据下文可知这个司机打了电话报警。Return归还；receive a call接到电话；make a call打电话；confirm确认。故选C。
答案：C
50.
A. then
B. again
C. finally
D. even
解析：考查副词辨析及语境理解。根据语境判断他们听到车内有人发出的声音。Then那时；again再次；finally终于；even甚至。故选A。
答案：A
51.
A. Starting
B. Parking
C. Passing
D. Approaching
解析：考查动词辨析及语境理解。根据上文可知汽车着火了，情况很危险，由此推断Larry离汽车远，由此判断走近了才看到车内的那位女士。
答案：D
52.
A. quiet
B. still
C. away
D. calm
解析：考查形容词辨析及语境理解。根据本段末句she should not move可知，Larry让这名女士不要动。Quiet 安静的；still不动的；away远离的；calm沉着的；故选 B。
答案：B
53.
A. for
B. so
C. and
D. but
解析：考查连词辨析及语境理解。根据后句可以推断这位受困的女士想从汽车里出来，而Larry不让她动，怕她伤到脖子，这两句话之间是转折关系。
答案：D
54.
A. explode
B. slip away
C. fall apart
D. crash
解析：考查动词辨析及语境理解。根据后句内容判断这位妇女害怕汽车会爆炸。Explore爆炸；slip away溜走；fall apart 崩溃；crash坠毁，摔碎；故选A。
答案：A
55.
A. as if
B. unless
C. in case
D. after
解析：考查短语和介词辨析及语境理解。Step forward走上前去；back off后退；move on继续；set out出发，根据上文可知Larry害怕她脖子会受伤，前后句之间是假设关系。
答案：C
56.
A. stepped forward
B. backed off
C. moved on
D. set out
解析：考查动词短语辨析及语境理解。根据后句内容可以推断他们为了不妨碍警察救人，都退到后面。
答案：B
57.
A. woman
B. police
C. man
D. driver
解析：考查名词辨析及语境理解。根据上文Once fire and emergency people arrived可知是救援的警察赶到现场。故选B。
答案：B
58.
A. forbidden
B. ready
C. asked
D. free
解析：考查形容词辨析及语境理解。根据后句可知警察让他离开了，由此判断Larry询问警察他是否离去。
答案：D
59.
A.for certain
B. for consideration
C. reported
D.checked
解析：考查短语辨析及语境理解。for consideration 以供参考；report报道；check核实；
答案：A
60.
A.patience
B. skills
C. efforts
D.promise
解析：考查名词辨析及语境理解。Patience耐心；skill技能；effort努力；promise承诺； 故选C。根据从上文可知Larry努力挽救了别人的性命。
答案：C
第 II 卷
第三部分 英语知识运用
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
Chengdu has dozens of new millionaires, Asia’s biggest building, and fancy new hotels. But for tourists like me, pandas are its top 61 (attract).
So it was a great honour to be invited backstage at the not-for-profit Panda Base, where ticket money helps pay for research, In 62 （arrow）to get up close to these cute animals at the 600-acre centre. From tomorrow, I will be their UK ambassador. The title will be 63 (official) given to me at a ceremony in London.But my connection with pandas goes back 64 my days on a TV show in the mid-1980s, 65 I was the first Western TV reporter 66 (permit) to film a special unit caring for pandas rescued from starvation in the wild. My ambassadorial duties will include 67 (introduce) British visitors to the 120-plus pandas at Chengdu and others at a research in the misty mountains of Bifengxia.
On mu recent visit, I help a lively three-month-old twin that had been rejected by 68 (it) mother. The nursery team switches him every few 69 ( day) with his sister so that while one is being bottle-fed, 70 other is with mum-she never suspects.
【答案】
61. attraction
62. was allowed
63. officially
64. to
65. when
66. permitted
67. introducing
68. its
69. days
70. the
【解析】
试题分析：
61.
解析：考查名词。 形容词top后面跟名词形式。
答案：attraction
62.
解析：考查时态和语态。根据句意作者是被允许走近这些动物。
答案：was allowed
63.
解析：考查副词。修饰动词用副词形式。
答案：officially
64.
解析：考查介词。固定短语：go back to “回到”。
答案：to
65.
解析：考査定语从句。后面是非限制性定语从句，缺少状语，先行词是时间故填when。
答案：when
66.
解析：考査过去分词。被修饰名词和permit之间是被动关系，用过去分词。
答案：permitted
67.
解析：考査现在分词。介词后面用动名词。
答案：introducing
68.
解析：考查代词。 指代前面的twin，用its。
答案：its
69.
解析：考查名词复数。Few修饰复数名词。
答案：days
70.
解析：考查冠词。固定短语：one …the other“一个……另一个”。
答案：the
第四部分 写作 （共两节 满分 35）
短文改错（10 分）
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。
文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（
），并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（
）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2.只允许修改10处，多着（从第11处起）不计分。
My uncle is the owner of a restaurant close to that 1 love .Though not very big ,but the
Restaurant is popular in our area .It is always crowded with customers at meal times .Some
People even had to wait outside My uncle tells me that the key to his
Success is honest. Every day he makes sure that fresh vegetables or high quality oil are using for cooking. My uncle says that he never dreams becoming rich in the short period of time. Instead,he hopes that our business will grow steady.
解析：
1.介词后面的宾语从句缺少状语表示地点。
2. Though不和but连用,故去掉。
3.文意是介绍现在的情况，背景时态是一般现在时。
4.此处是指诚实是他成功的秘诀，用名词形式。
5.从句意判断是并列关系，把or改为and。
6. 此处表示被动含义，be used for“被用来去做”。
7. 固定短语: dream of 梦想做某事。
8. 固定短语：in a short time在短时间内。
9. 此处指叔叔的生意，用his指代。
10. Grow指增长，不是系动词，故用副词修饰。
答案:
1. that →where
2. but去掉
3. had →have
4. honest→ honesty
5. or→ and
6. using →used
7. becoming前加of
8. the →a
9. our→ his
10. stead→steadily
第二节 书面表达（满分25分）
假定你是李华，暑假想去一家外贸公司兼职，已写好申请书和个人简历（resume）。给外教Mr Jenkins 写信，请她帮你修改所附材料的文字和格式（format）
注意：
1. 词数100左右;
2. 可以适当增加细节，已使行文连贯。
解析：
本文是一篇考生们熟悉的书信类体裁的书面表达，内容贴近学生生活，所以人人有话可说。文章没有给出幵头和结尾，所以考生要注意书信的格式，包括称呼语，正文以及结束语等在写作时要注意先列出写作要点，而且要注意将来时、现在时以及现在完成时的交错使用；注意使用高级句式和多种结构的使用，而且要语气要委婉礼貌。
本文是一篇较为优秀的范文。格式正确，要点全面，语言通顺流畅，很好地完成了写作任务。在本文中开头提出写信的目的，然后具体讲述自己的困难，再提出请求，最后表达自己的感激之情。所以在内容上逻辑性较强。此外，作者还使用了不定式短语In order to get some practical experience,、现在分词短语hoping you can give me some help、宾语从句if there are something to pay attention to等。经典句式this is the first time that I have written an application and the personals resume也是文章的亮点所在。
答案：范文：
Dear Ms Jenkins,
I am Li Hua, I am writing to tell you something about my plan for the coming summer vacation and I also want you to do me a favor.
In order to get some practical experience, I am planning to take a part-time job in a foreign capital company. I have already finished my job application and personal resume. But this is the first time that I have written an application and the personals resume, so I don’t even know if there are something to pay attention to. So, I’m writing you the letter , hoping you can give me some help. I will be very grateful if you can help me.
Looking forward to your reply. And I’d be really thankful.
Yours,
Li Hua