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【323456】2023九年级数学上册 第二章 一元二次方程3 用公式法求解一元二次方程练习(新版)北

时间:2025-01-16 18:35:58 作者: 字数:2539字
简介:


第二章 一元二次方程

2.3 用公式法求解一元二次方程

班级 <a href="/tags/48/" title="练习" class="c1" target="_blank">练习</a> <a href="/tags/55/" title="数学" class="c1" target="_blank">数学</a> <a href="/tags/70/" title="公式" class="c1" target="_blank">公式</a> <a href="/tags/380/" title="方程" class="c1" target="_blank">方程</a> <a href="/tags/897/" title="二次方程" class="c1" target="_blank">二次方程</a>__________ 姓名:__________

一、填空题 <a href="/tags/48/" title="练习" class="c1" target="_blank">练习</a> <a href="/tags/55/" title="数学" class="c1" target="_blank">数学</a> <a href="/tags/70/" title="公式" class="c1" target="_blank">公式</a> <a href="/tags/380/" title="方程" class="c1" target="_blank">方程</a> <a href="/tags/897/" title="二次方程" class="c1" target="_blank">二次方程</a>

1.配方法解一元 <a href="/tags/48/" title="练习" class="c1" target="_blank">练习</a> <a href="/tags/55/" title="数学" class="c1" target="_blank">数学</a> <a href="/tags/70/" title="公式" class="c1" target="_blank">公式</a> <a href="/tags/380/" title="方程" class="c1" target="_blank">方程</a> <a href="/tags/897/" title="二次方程" class="c1" target="_blank">二次方程</a> 二次方程的基本思路是:

1)先将方程配方;

2)如果方程左右两边均为非负数,则两边同时开平方,化为两个__________

3)再解这两 <a href="/tags/48/" title="练习" class="c1" target="_blank">练习</a> <a href="/tags/55/" title="数学" class="c1" target="_blank">数学</a> <a href="/tags/70/" title="公式" class="c1" target="_blank">公式</a> <a href="/tags/380/" title="方程" class="c1" target="_blank">方程</a> <a href="/tags/897/" title="二次方程" class="c1" target="_blank">二次方程</a>_________

2.用配方法解一元二次方程ax2+bx+c=0(a≠0)时:

a≠0,方程两边同时除以a__________________

移项得__________

配方得_________

即(x+__________2=__________

__________时,原方程化为两个一元一次方程____________________

x1=________ <a href="/tags/48/" title="练习" class="c1" target="_blank">练习</a> <a href="/tags/55/" title="数学" class="c1" target="_blank">数学</a> <a href="/tags/70/" title="公式" class="c1" target="_blank">公式</a> <a href="/tags/380/" title="方程" class="c1" target="_blank">方程</a> <a href="/tags/897/" title="二次方程" class="c1" target="_blank">二次方程</a> __,x2=____________

3.利用求根公式解一元二次方程时,首先要把方程化为 <a href="/tags/48/" title="练习" class="c1" target="_blank">练习</a> <a href="/tags/55/" title="数学" class="c1" target="_blank">数学</a> <a href="/tags/70/" title="公式" class="c1" target="_blank">公式</a> <a href="/tags/380/" title="方程" class="c1" target="_blank">方程</a> <a href="/tags/897/" title="二次方程" class="c1" target="_blank">二次方程</a> __________,确定__________ <a href="/tags/48/" title="练习" class="c1" target="_blank">练习</a> <a href="/tags/55/" title="数学" class="c1" target="_blank">数学</a> <a href="/tags/70/" title="公式" class="c1" target="_blank">公式</a> <a href="/tags/380/" title="方程" class="c1" target="_blank">方程</a> <a href="/tags/897/" title="二次方程" class="c1" target="_blank">二次方程</a> 值,当__________时,把a,b,c的值代入公式,x12=____________,求得方程的解.

4.方程3x28=7x化为一般形式是_______a=__________,b=__________,c= <a href="/tags/48/" title="练习" class="c1" target="_blank">练习</a> <a href="/tags/55/" title="数学" class="c1" target="_blank">数学</a> <a href="/tags/70/" title="公式" class="c1" target="_blank">公式</a> <a href="/tags/380/" title="方程" class="c1" target="_blank">方程</a> <a href="/tags/897/" title="二次方程" class="c1" target="_blank">二次方程</a> __________,方程的根x1=__________,x2=__________.

 <a href="/tags/48/" title="练习" class="c1" target="_blank">练习</a> <a href="/tags/55/" title="数学" class="c1" target="_blank">数学</a> <a href="/tags/70/" title="公式" class="c1" target="_blank">公式</a> <a href="/tags/380/" title="方程" class="c1" target="_blank">方程</a> <a href="/tags/897/" title="二次方程" class="c1" target="_blank">二次方程</a> 、选择题

1.用公式法解方程3x2+4=12x,下列代入公式正确的是

A.x12= <a href="/tags/48/" title="练习" class="c1" target="_blank">练习</a> <a href="/tags/55/" title="数学" class="c1" target="_blank">数学</a> <a href="/tags/70/" title="公式" class="c1" target="_blank">公式</a> <a href="/tags/380/" title="方程" class="c1" target="_blank">方程</a> <a href="/tags/897/" title="二次方程" class="c1" target="_blank">二次方程</a>

B.x12= <a href="/tags/48/" title="练习" class="c1" target="_blank">练习</a> <a href="/tags/55/" title="数学" class="c1" target="_blank">数学</a> <a href="/tags/70/" title="公式" class="c1" target="_blank">公式</a> <a href="/tags/380/" title="方程" class="c1" target="_blank">方程</a> <a href="/tags/897/" title="二次方程" class="c1" target="_blank">二次方程</a>

C.x12= <a href="/tags/48/" title="练习" class="c1" target="_blank">练习</a> <a href="/tags/55/" title="数学" class="c1" target="_blank">数学</a> <a href="/tags/70/" title="公式" class="c1" target="_blank">公式</a> <a href="/tags/380/" title="方程" class="c1" target="_blank">方程</a> <a href="/tags/897/" title="二次方程" class="c1" target="_blank">二次方程</a>

D.x12= <a href="/tags/48/" title="练习" class="c1" target="_blank">练习</a> <a href="/tags/55/" title="数学" class="c1" target="_blank">数学</a> <a href="/tags/70/" title="公式" class="c1" target="_blank">公式</a> <a href="/tags/380/" title="方程" class="c1" target="_blank">方程</a> <a href="/tags/897/" title="二次方程" class="c1" target="_blank">二次方程</a>

2.方程x2+3x=14的解是

A.x= <a href="/tags/48/" title="练习" class="c1" target="_blank">练习</a> <a href="/tags/55/" title="数学" class="c1" target="_blank">数学</a> <a href="/tags/70/" title="公式" class="c1" target="_blank">公式</a> <a href="/tags/380/" title="方程" class="c1" target="_blank">方程</a> <a href="/tags/897/" title="二次方程" class="c1" target="_blank">二次方程</a>  <a href="/tags/48/" title="练习" class="c1" target="_blank">练习</a> <a href="/tags/55/" title="数学" class="c1" target="_blank">数学</a> <a href="/tags/70/" title="公式" class="c1" target="_blank">公式</a> <a href="/tags/380/" title="方程" class="c1" target="_blank">方程</a> <a href="/tags/897/" title="二次方程" class="c1" target="_blank">二次方程</a> B.x= <a href="/tags/48/" title="练习" class="c1" target="_blank">练习</a> <a href="/tags/55/" title="数学" class="c1" target="_blank">数学</a> <a href="/tags/70/" title="公式" class="c1" target="_blank">公式</a> <a href="/tags/380/" title="方程" class="c1" target="_blank">方程</a> <a href="/tags/897/" title="二次方程" class="c1" target="_blank">二次方程</a>

C.x= <a href="/tags/48/" title="练习" class="c1" target="_blank">练习</a> <a href="/tags/55/" title="数学" class="c1" target="_blank">数学</a> <a href="/tags/70/" title="公式" class="c1" target="_blank">公式</a> <a href="/tags/380/" title="方程" class="c1" target="_blank">方程</a> <a href="/tags/897/" title="二次方程" class="c1" target="_blank">二次方程</a> D.x= <a href="/tags/48/" title="练习" class="c1" target="_blank">练习</a> <a href="/tags/55/" title="数学" class="c1" target="_blank">数学</a> <a href="/tags/70/" title="公式" class="c1" target="_blank">公式</a> <a href="/tags/380/" title="方程" class="c1" target="_blank">方程</a> <a href="/tags/897/" title="二次方程" class="c1" target="_blank">二次方程</a>

3.下列各数中,是方程x2(1+ <a href="/tags/48/" title="练习" class="c1" target="_blank">练习</a> <a href="/tags/55/" title="数学" class="c1" target="_blank">数学</a> <a href="/tags/70/" title="公式" class="c1" target="_blank">公式</a> <a href="/tags/380/" title="方程" class="c1" target="_blank">方程</a> <a href="/tags/897/" title="二次方程" class="c1" target="_blank">二次方程</a> )x+ <a href="/tags/48/" title="练习" class="c1" target="_blank">练习</a> <a href="/tags/55/" title="数学" class="c1" target="_blank">数学</a> <a href="/tags/70/" title="公式" class="c1" target="_blank">公式</a> <a href="/tags/380/" title="方程" class="c1" target="_blank">方程</a> <a href="/tags/897/" title="二次方程" class="c1" target="_blank">二次方程</a> =0的解的有

1+ <a href="/tags/48/" title="练习" class="c1" target="_blank">练习</a> <a href="/tags/55/" title="数学" class="c1" target="_blank">数学</a> <a href="/tags/70/" title="公式" class="c1" target="_blank">公式</a> <a href="/tags/380/" title="方程" class="c1" target="_blank">方程</a> <a href="/tags/897/" title="二次方程" class="c1" target="_blank">二次方程</a> ②1 <a href="/tags/48/" title="练习" class="c1" target="_blank">练习</a> <a href="/tags/55/" title="数学" class="c1" target="_blank">数学</a> <a href="/tags/70/" title="公式" class="c1" target="_blank">公式</a> <a href="/tags/380/" title="方程" class="c1" target="_blank">方程</a> <a href="/tags/897/" title="二次方程" class="c1" target="_blank">二次方程</a>1 ④ <a href="/tags/48/" title="练习" class="c1" target="_blank">练习</a> <a href="/tags/55/" title="数学" class="c1" target="_blank">数学</a> <a href="/tags/70/" title="公式" class="c1" target="_blank">公式</a> <a href="/tags/380/" title="方程" class="c1" target="_blank">方程</a> <a href="/tags/897/" title="二次方程" class="c1" target="_blank">二次方程</a>

A.0 B.1 C.2 D.3

4.方程x2+( <a href="/tags/48/" title="练习" class="c1" target="_blank">练习</a> <a href="/tags/55/" title="数学" class="c1" target="_blank">数学</a> <a href="/tags/70/" title="公式" class="c1" target="_blank">公式</a> <a href="/tags/380/" title="方程" class="c1" target="_blank">方程</a> <a href="/tags/897/" title="二次方程" class="c1" target="_blank">二次方程</a> )x+ <a href="/tags/48/" title="练习" class="c1" target="_blank">练习</a> <a href="/tags/55/" title="数学" class="c1" target="_blank">数学</a> <a href="/tags/70/" title="公式" class="c1" target="_blank">公式</a> <a href="/tags/380/" title="方程" class="c1" target="_blank">方程</a> <a href="/tags/897/" title="二次方程" class="c1" target="_blank">二次方程</a> =0的解是

A.x1=1,x2= <a href="/tags/48/" title="练习" class="c1" target="_blank">练习</a> <a href="/tags/55/" title="数学" class="c1" target="_blank">数学</a> <a href="/tags/70/" title="公式" class="c1" target="_blank">公式</a> <a href="/tags/380/" title="方程" class="c1" target="_blank">方程</a> <a href="/tags/897/" title="二次方程" class="c1" target="_blank">二次方程</a> B.x1=1,x2= <a href="/tags/48/" title="练习" class="c1" target="_blank">练习</a> <a href="/tags/55/" title="数学" class="c1" target="_blank">数学</a> <a href="/tags/70/" title="公式" class="c1" target="_blank">公式</a> <a href="/tags/380/" title="方程" class="c1" target="_blank">方程</a> <a href="/tags/897/" title="二次方程" class="c1" target="_blank">二次方程</a>

C.x1= <a href="/tags/48/" title="练习" class="c1" target="_blank">练习</a> <a href="/tags/55/" title="数学" class="c1" target="_blank">数学</a> <a href="/tags/70/" title="公式" class="c1" target="_blank">公式</a> <a href="/tags/380/" title="方程" class="c1" target="_blank">方程</a> <a href="/tags/897/" title="二次方程" class="c1" target="_blank">二次方程</a> ,x2= <a href="/tags/48/" title="练习" class="c1" target="_blank">练习</a> <a href="/tags/55/" title="数学" class="c1" target="_blank">数学</a> <a href="/tags/70/" title="公式" class="c1" target="_blank">公式</a> <a href="/tags/380/" title="方程" class="c1" target="_blank">方程</a> <a href="/tags/897/" title="二次方程" class="c1" target="_blank">二次方程</a> D.x1= <a href="/tags/48/" title="练习" class="c1" target="_blank">练习</a> <a href="/tags/55/" title="数学" class="c1" target="_blank">数学</a> <a href="/tags/70/" title="公式" class="c1" target="_blank">公式</a> <a href="/tags/380/" title="方程" class="c1" target="_blank">方程</a> <a href="/tags/897/" title="二次方程" class="c1" target="_blank">二次方程</a> ,x2= <a href="/tags/48/" title="练习" class="c1" target="_blank">练习</a> <a href="/tags/55/" title="数学" class="c1" target="_blank">数学</a> <a href="/tags/70/" title="公式" class="c1" target="_blank">公式</a> <a href="/tags/380/" title="方程" class="c1" target="_blank">方程</a> <a href="/tags/897/" title="二次方程" class="c1" target="_blank">二次方程</a>  <a href="/tags/48/" title="练习" class="c1" target="_blank">练习</a> <a href="/tags/55/" title="数学" class="c1" target="_blank">数学</a> <a href="/tags/70/" title="公式" class="c1" target="_blank">公式</a> <a href="/tags/380/" title="方程" class="c1" target="_blank">方程</a> <a href="/tags/897/" title="二次方程" class="c1" target="_blank">二次方程</a>

三、用公式法解下列各方程

  1. 5x2+2x1=0





  1. 6y2+13y+6=0






  1. x2+6x+9=7







四、你能找到适当的x的值使得多项式A=4x2+2x1B=3x22相等吗?












参考答案

一、1.一元一次方程 一元一次方程

2.x2+ <a href="/tags/48/" title="练习" class="c1" target="_blank">练习</a> <a href="/tags/55/" title="数学" class="c1" target="_blank">数学</a> <a href="/tags/70/" title="公式" class="c1" target="_blank">公式</a> <a href="/tags/380/" title="方程" class="c1" target="_blank">方程</a> <a href="/tags/897/" title="二次方程" class="c1" target="_blank">二次方程</a> x2+ <a href="/tags/48/" title="练习" class="c1" target="_blank">练习</a> <a href="/tags/55/" title="数学" class="c1" target="_blank">数学</a> <a href="/tags/70/" title="公式" class="c1" target="_blank">公式</a> <a href="/tags/380/" title="方程" class="c1" target="_blank">方程</a> <a href="/tags/897/" title="二次方程" class="c1" target="_blank">二次方程</a>

 <a href="/tags/48/" title="练习" class="c1" target="_blank">练习</a> <a href="/tags/55/" title="数学" class="c1" target="_blank">数学</a> <a href="/tags/70/" title="公式" class="c1" target="_blank">公式</a> <a href="/tags/380/" title="方程" class="c1" target="_blank">方程</a> <a href="/tags/897/" title="二次方程" class="c1" target="_blank">二次方程</a>

 <a href="/tags/48/" title="练习" class="c1" target="_blank">练习</a> <a href="/tags/55/" title="数学" class="c1" target="_blank">数学</a> <a href="/tags/70/" title="公式" class="c1" target="_blank">公式</a> <a href="/tags/380/" title="方程" class="c1" target="_blank">方程</a> <a href="/tags/897/" title="二次方程" class="c1" target="_blank">二次方程</a>

3.一般形式 二次项系数、一次项系数、常数项 b24ac≥0  <a href="/tags/48/" title="练习" class="c1" target="_blank">练习</a> <a href="/tags/55/" title="数学" class="c1" target="_blank">数学</a> <a href="/tags/70/" title="公式" class="c1" target="_blank">公式</a> <a href="/tags/380/" title="方程" class="c1" target="_blank">方程</a> <a href="/tags/897/" title="二次方程" class="c1" target="_blank">二次方程</a>

4.3x2 <a href="/tags/48/" title="练习" class="c1" target="_blank">练习</a> <a href="/tags/55/" title="数学" class="c1" target="_blank">数学</a> <a href="/tags/70/" title="公式" class="c1" target="_blank">公式</a> <a href="/tags/380/" title="方程" class="c1" target="_blank">方程</a> <a href="/tags/897/" title="二次方程" class="c1" target="_blank">二次方程</a> 7x8=0 3 7 8

 <a href="/tags/48/" title="练习" class="c1" target="_blank">练习</a> <a href="/tags/55/" title="数学" class="c1" target="_blank">数学</a> <a href="/tags/70/" title="公式" class="c1" target="_blank">公式</a> <a href="/tags/380/" title="方程" class="c1" target="_blank">方程</a> <a href="/tags/897/" title="二次方程" class="c1" target="_blank">二次方程</a>

二、1.D 2.B 3.B 4.D

三、1.解:a=5,b=2,c=1

Δ=b24ac=4+4×5×1=240

x1·2= <a href="/tags/48/" title="练习" class="c1" target="_blank">练习</a> <a href="/tags/55/" title="数学" class="c1" target="_blank">数学</a> <a href="/tags/70/" title="公式" class="c1" target="_blank">公式</a> <a href="/tags/380/" title="方程" class="c1" target="_blank">方程</a> <a href="/tags/897/" title="二次方程" class="c1" target="_blank">二次方程</a>

x <a href="/tags/48/" title="练习" class="c1" target="_blank">练习</a> <a href="/tags/55/" title="数学" class="c1" target="_blank">数学</a> <a href="/tags/70/" title="公式" class="c1" target="_blank">公式</a> <a href="/tags/380/" title="方程" class="c1" target="_blank">方程</a> <a href="/tags/897/" title="二次方程" class="c1" target="_blank">二次方程</a> 1= <a href="/tags/48/" title="练习" class="c1" target="_blank">练习</a> <a href="/tags/55/" title="数学" class="c1" target="_blank">数学</a> <a href="/tags/70/" title="公式" class="c1" target="_blank">公式</a> <a href="/tags/380/" title="方程" class="c1" target="_blank">方程</a> <a href="/tags/897/" title="二次方程" class="c1" target="_blank">二次方程</a>

2.解:a=6,b=13,c=6

Δ=b24ac=1694×6×6=250

x1·2= <a href="/tags/48/" title="练习" class="c1" target="_blank">练习</a> <a href="/tags/55/" title="数学" class="c1" target="_blank">数学</a> <a href="/tags/70/" title="公式" class="c1" target="_blank">公式</a> <a href="/tags/380/" title="方程" class="c1" target="_blank">方程</a> <a href="/tags/897/" title="二次方程" class="c1" target="_blank">二次方程</a>

x1= <a href="/tags/48/" title="练习" class="c1" target="_blank">练习</a> <a href="/tags/55/" title="数学" class="c1" target="_blank">数学</a> <a href="/tags/70/" title="公式" class="c1" target="_blank">公式</a> <a href="/tags/380/" title="方程" class="c1" target="_blank">方程</a> <a href="/tags/897/" title="二次方程" class="c1" target="_blank">二次方程</a> ,x2= <a href="/tags/48/" title="练习" class="c1" target="_blank">练习</a> <a href="/tags/55/" title="数学" class="c1" target="_blank">数学</a> <a href="/tags/70/" title="公式" class="c1" target="_blank">公式</a> <a href="/tags/380/" title="方程" class="c1" target="_blank">方程</a> <a href="/tags/897/" title="二次方程" class="c1" target="_blank">二次方程</a>

3.解:整理,得:x2+6x+2=0

a=1,b=6,c=2

Δ=b24ac=364×1×2=280

x1·2= <a href="/tags/48/" title="练习" class="c1" target="_blank">练习</a> <a href="/tags/55/" title="数学" class="c1" target="_blank">数学</a> <a href="/tags/70/" title="公式" class="c1" target="_blank">公式</a> <a href="/tags/380/" title="方程" class="c1" target="_blank">方程</a> <a href="/tags/897/" title="二次方程" class="c1" target="_blank">二次方程</a> = <a href="/tags/48/" title="练习" class="c1" target="_blank">练习</a> <a href="/tags/55/" title="数学" class="c1" target="_blank">数学</a> <a href="/tags/70/" title="公式" class="c1" target="_blank">公式</a> <a href="/tags/380/" title="方程" class="c1" target="_blank">方程</a> <a href="/tags/897/" title="二次方程" class="c1" target="_blank">二次方程</a>

x1=3+ <a href="/tags/48/" title="练习" class="c1" target="_blank">练习</a> <a href="/tags/55/" title="数学" class="c1" target="_blank">数学</a> <a href="/tags/70/" title="公式" class="c1" target="_blank">公式</a> <a href="/tags/380/" title="方程" class="c1" target="_blank">方程</a> <a href="/tags/897/" title="二次方程" class="c1" target="_blank">二次方程</a>  <a href="/tags/48/" title="练习" class="c1" target="_blank">练习</a> <a href="/tags/55/" title="数学" class="c1" target="_blank">数学</a> <a href="/tags/70/" title="公式" class="c1" target="_blank">公式</a> <a href="/tags/380/" title="方程" class="c1" target="_blank">方程</a> <a href="/tags/897/" title="二次方程" class="c1" target="_blank">二次方程</a> ,x2=3 <a href="/tags/48/" title="练习" class="c1" target="_blank">练习</a> <a href="/tags/55/" title="数学" class="c1" target="_blank">数学</a> <a href="/tags/70/" title="公式" class="c1" target="_blank">公式</a> <a href="/tags/380/" title="方程" class="c1" target="_blank">方程</a> <a href="/tags/897/" title="二次方程" class="c1" target="_blank">二次方程</a>

四、解:若A=13,即4x2+2x1=3x22

整理,得x2+2x+1=0

(x+1)2=0,∴x1=x2=1

x=1时,A=13.


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