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【331223】22.1.3 第3课时 二次函数y=a(x-h)2+k的图象和性质

时间:2025-01-21 13:47:58 作者: 字数:2936字
简介:

3课时 二次函数y=ax-h2+k的图象和性质

基础练习

1. 抛物线 <a href="/tags/16/" title="课时" class="c1" target="_blank">课时</a> <a href="/tags/386/" title="性质" class="c1" target="_blank">性质</a> <a href="/tags/885/" title="函数" class="c1" target="_blank">函数</a> <a href="/tags/898/" title="图象" class="c1" target="_blank">图象</a> 的顶点坐标是 ( )

A、(28B、(82C、(—82D、(—8,—2

2. 抛物线的顶点坐标为P(1,3),且开 <a href="/tags/16/" title="课时" class="c1" target="_blank">课时</a> <a href="/tags/386/" title="性质" class="c1" target="_blank">性质</a> <a href="/tags/885/" title="函数" class="c1" target="_blank">函数</a> <a href="/tags/898/" title="图象" class="c1" target="_blank">图象</a> 口向下,则函数y随自变量x的增大而减小,那么x的取值范围为( )

A. x3 B. x3 C.x1  <a href="/tags/16/" title="课时" class="c1" target="_blank">课时</a> <a href="/tags/386/" title="性质" class="c1" target="_blank">性质</a> <a href="/tags/885/" title="函数" class="c1" target="_blank">函数</a> <a href="/tags/898/" title="图象" class="c1" target="_blank">图象</a> D.x1

3 <a href="/tags/16/" title="课时" class="c1" target="_blank">课时</a> <a href="/tags/386/" title="性质" class="c1" target="_blank">性质</a> <a href="/tags/885/" title="函数" class="c1" target="_blank">函数</a> <a href="/tags/898/" title="图象" class="c1" target="_blank">图象</a> .二次函数 <a href="/tags/16/" title="课时" class="c1" target="_blank">课时</a> <a href="/tags/386/" title="性质" class="c1" target="_blank">性质</a> <a href="/tags/885/" title="函数" class="c1" target="_blank">函数</a> <a href="/tags/898/" title="图象" class="c1" target="_blank">图象</a> 的图象向右平移1个单位,再向 <a href="/tags/16/" title="课时" class="c1" target="_blank">课时</a> <a href="/tags/386/" title="性质" class="c1" target="_blank">性质</a> <a href="/tags/885/" title="函数" class="c1" target="_blank">函数</a> <a href="/tags/898/" title="图象" class="c1" target="_blank">图象</a> 上平移3个单位,所得到抛物线的解析式为  <a href="/tags/16/" title="课时" class="c1" target="_blank">课时</a> <a href="/tags/386/" title="性质" class="c1" target="_blank">性质</a> <a href="/tags/885/" title="函数" class="c1" target="_blank">函数</a> <a href="/tags/898/" title="图象" class="c1" target="_blank">图象</a>

4. 写出 <a href="/tags/16/" title="课时" class="c1" target="_blank">课时</a> <a href="/tags/386/" title="性质" class="c1" target="_blank">性质</a> <a href="/tags/885/" title="函数" class="c1" target="_blank">函数</a> <a href="/tags/898/" title="图象" class="c1" target="_blank">图象</a> 一个经过点(1,-1 <a href="/tags/16/" title="课时" class="c1" target="_blank">课时</a> <a href="/tags/386/" title="性质" class="c1" target="_blank">性质</a> <a href="/tags/885/" title="函数" class="c1" target="_blank">函数</a> <a href="/tags/898/" title="图象" class="c1" target="_blank">图象</a> )的函 <a href="/tags/16/" title="课时" class="c1" target="_blank">课时</a> <a href="/tags/386/" title="性质" class="c1" target="_blank">性质</a> <a href="/tags/885/" title="函数" class="c1" target="_blank">函数</a> <a href="/tags/898/" title="图象" class="c1" target="_blank">图象</a> 数的表达式

5.已知抛物线 <a href="/tags/16/" title="课时" class="c1" target="_blank">课时</a> <a href="/tags/386/" title="性质" class="c1" target="_blank">性质</a> <a href="/tags/885/" title="函数" class="c1" target="_blank">函数</a> <a href="/tags/898/" title="图象" class="c1" target="_blank">图象</a> 的部分图象如图所示,则图象再次与x 轴相交时的坐 <a href="/tags/16/" title="课时" class="c1" target="_blank">课时</a> <a href="/tags/386/" title="性质" class="c1" target="_blank">性质</a> <a href="/tags/885/" title="函数" class="c1" target="_blank">函数</a> <a href="/tags/898/" title="图象" class="c1" target="_blank">图象</a> 标是 .


能力拓展

6.已知点A(1,  <a href="/tags/16/" title="课时" class="c1" target="_blank">课时</a> <a href="/tags/386/" title="性质" class="c1" target="_blank">性质</a> <a href="/tags/885/" title="函数" class="c1" target="_blank">函数</a> <a href="/tags/898/" title="图象" class="c1" target="_blank">图象</a> )在抛物线 <a href="/tags/16/" title="课时" class="c1" target="_blank">课时</a> <a href="/tags/386/" title="性质" class="c1" target="_blank">性质</a> <a href="/tags/885/" title="函数" class="c1" target="_blank">函数</a> <a href="/tags/898/" title="图象" class="c1" target="_blank">图象</a>.

(1)A点的坐标;[来源:§§]

(2)x轴上是否存在点P,使得△OAP是等腰三角形?若存在,求出点P的坐标;若不存在,说明理由.[来源:学科网ZXXK]





[来源:学科网ZXXK][来源:||]





7. 某农场种植一种蔬菜,销售员张华根据往年的销售情况,对今年这种蔬菜的销售价格进行了预测,预测情况如图所示,图中的抛物线(部分)表示这种蔬菜销售价与 <a href="/tags/16/" title="课时" class="c1" target="_blank">课时</a> <a href="/tags/386/" title="性质" class="c1" target="_blank">性质</a> <a href="/tags/885/" title="函数" class="c1" target="_blank">函数</a> <a href="/tags/898/" title="图象" class="c1" target="_blank">图象</a> 月份的关系。观察图象,你能得 <a href="/tags/16/" title="课时" class="c1" target="_blank">课时</a> <a href="/tags/386/" title="性质" class="c1" target="_blank">性质</a> <a href="/tags/885/" title="函数" class="c1" target="_blank">函数</a> <a href="/tags/898/" title="图象" class="c1" target="_blank">图象</a> 到关于这种蔬菜销售情况的哪些信息?

答题 <a href="/tags/16/" title="课时" class="c1" target="_blank">课时</a> <a href="/tags/386/" title="性质" class="c1" target="_blank">性质</a> <a href="/tags/885/" title="函数" class="c1" target="_blank">函数</a> <a href="/tags/898/" title="图象" class="c1" target="_blank">图象</a> 要求:(1)请提供四条信息;(2)不必求函数解析式。

 <a href="/tags/16/" title="课时" class="c1" target="_blank">课时</a> <a href="/tags/386/" title="性质" class="c1" target="_blank">性质</a> <a href="/tags/885/" title="函数" class="c1" target="_blank">函数</a> <a href="/tags/898/" title="图象" class="c1" target="_blank">图象</a>

创新学习

8.某工厂生产的某种产品按质量分为10个档次,生产第一档次(即最低档次)的产品一天 <a href="/tags/16/" title="课时" class="c1" target="_blank">课时</a> <a href="/tags/386/" title="性质" class="c1" target="_blank">性质</a> <a href="/tags/885/" title="函数" class="c1" target="_blank">函数</a> <a href="/tags/898/" title="图象" class="c1" target="_blank">图象</a> 生产76,每件利润10,每提高一个档次,利润每件增加2.

(1)当每件利润为16元时,此产品质量在第几档次?

(2)由于生产工序不同,此产品每提高一个档次,一天产量减少4.若生产第 <a href="/tags/16/" title="课时" class="c1" target="_blank">课时</a> <a href="/tags/386/" title="性质" class="c1" target="_blank">性质</a> <a href="/tags/885/" title="函数" class="c1" target="_blank">函数</a> <a href="/tags/898/" title="图象" class="c1" target="_blank">图象</a> 档次产品一天的总利润为y(其中 <a href="/tags/16/" title="课时" class="c1" target="_blank">课时</a> <a href="/tags/386/" title="性质" class="c1" target="_blank">性质</a> <a href="/tags/885/" title="函数" class="c1" target="_blank">函数</a> <a href="/tags/898/" title="图象" class="c1" target="_blank">图象</a> 为正整数,1≤ <a href="/tags/16/" title="课时" class="c1" target="_blank">课时</a> <a href="/tags/386/" title="性质" class="c1" target="_blank">性质</a> <a href="/tags/885/" title="函数" class="c1" target="_blank">函数</a> <a href="/tags/898/" title="图象" class="c1" target="_blank">图象</a> ≤10),求出y关于 <a href="/tags/16/" title="课时" class="c1" target="_blank">课时</a> <a href="/tags/386/" title="性质" class="c1" target="_blank">性质</a> <a href="/tags/885/" title="函数" class="c1" target="_blank">函数</a> <a href="/tags/898/" title="图象" class="c1" target="_blank">图象</a> 的函数关系式; <a href="/tags/16/" title="课时" class="c1" target="_blank">课时</a> <a href="/tags/386/" title="性质" class="c1" target="_blank">性质</a> <a href="/tags/885/" title="函数" class="c1" target="_blank">函数</a> <a href="/tags/898/" title="图象" class="c1" target="_blank">图象</a> 若生产某挡次产品一天的总利润为1080,该工厂生产的是第几档次的产品?



 <a href="/tags/16/" title="课时" class="c1" target="_blank">课时</a> <a href="/tags/386/" title="性质" class="c1" target="_blank">性质</a> <a href="/tags/885/" title="函数" class="c1" target="_blank">函数</a> <a href="/tags/898/" title="图象" class="c1" target="_blank">图象</a>



[来源:,,Z,X,X,K]




参考答案

1B 2C 3 <a href="/tags/16/" title="课时" class="c1" target="_blank">课时</a> <a href="/tags/386/" title="性质" class="c1" target="_blank">性质</a> <a href="/tags/885/" title="函数" class="c1" target="_blank">函数</a> <a href="/tags/898/" title="图象" class="c1" target="_blank">图象</a> 4 <a href="/tags/16/" title="课时" class="c1" target="_blank">课时</a> <a href="/tags/386/" title="性质" class="c1" target="_blank">性质</a> <a href="/tags/885/" title="函数" class="c1" target="_blank">函数</a> <a href="/tags/898/" title="图象" class="c1" target="_blank">图象</a> 等(答案不唯一) 5 <a href="/tags/16/" title="课时" class="c1" target="_blank">课时</a> <a href="/tags/386/" title="性质" class="c1" target="_blank">性质</a> <a href="/tags/885/" title="函数" class="c1" target="_blank">函数</a> <a href="/tags/898/" title="图象" class="c1" target="_blank">图象</a> .(70

6(1)A(1, <a href="/tags/16/" title="课时" class="c1" target="_blank">课时</a> <a href="/tags/386/" title="性质" class="c1" target="_blank">性质</a> <a href="/tags/885/" title="函数" class="c1" target="_blank">函数</a> <a href="/tags/898/" title="图象" class="c1" target="_blank">图象</a> )代入 <a href="/tags/16/" title="课时" class="c1" target="_blank">课时</a> <a href="/tags/386/" title="性质" class="c1" target="_blank">性质</a> <a href="/tags/885/" title="函数" class="c1" target="_blank">函数</a> <a href="/tags/898/" title="图象" class="c1" target="_blank">图象</a> <a href="/tags/16/" title="课时" class="c1" target="_blank">课时</a> <a href="/tags/386/" title="性质" class="c1" target="_blank">性质</a> <a href="/tags/885/" title="函数" class="c1" target="_blank">函数</a> <a href="/tags/898/" title="图象" class="c1" target="_blank">图象</a>A <a href="/tags/16/" title="课时" class="c1" target="_blank">课时</a> <a href="/tags/386/" title="性质" class="c1" target="_blank">性质</a> <a href="/tags/885/" title="函数" class="c1" target="_blank">函数</a> <a href="/tags/898/" title="图象" class="c1" target="_blank">图象</a> (1,1)

(2) <a href="/tags/16/" title="课时" class="c1" target="_blank">课时</a> <a href="/tags/386/" title="性质" class="c1" target="_blank">性质</a> <a href="/tags/885/" title="函数" class="c1" target="_blank">函数</a> <a href="/tags/898/" title="图象" class="c1" target="_blank">图象</a>.这样的 <a href="/tags/16/" title="课时" class="c1" target="_blank">课时</a> <a href="/tags/386/" title="性质" class="c1" target="_blank">性质</a> <a href="/tags/885/" title="函数" class="c1" target="_blank">函数</a> <a href="/tags/898/" title="图象" class="c1" target="_blank">图象</a>P有四个, <a href="/tags/16/" title="课时" class="c1" target="_blank">课时</a> <a href="/tags/386/" title="性质" class="c1" target="_blank">性质</a> <a href="/tags/885/" title="函数" class="c1" target="_blank">函数</a> <a href="/tags/898/" title="图象" class="c1" target="_blank">图象</a>

7.此题答 <a href="/tags/16/" title="课时" class="c1" target="_blank">课时</a> <a href="/tags/386/" title="性质" class="c1" target="_blank">性质</a> <a href="/tags/885/" title="函数" class="c1" target="_blank">函数</a> <a href="/tags/898/" title="图象" class="c1" target="_blank">图象</a> 案不唯一,以下答案仅供参考:

12月份每千克销售价是 <a href="/tags/16/" title="课时" class="c1" target="_blank">课时</a> <a href="/tags/386/" title="性质" class="c1" target="_blank">性质</a> <a href="/tags/885/" title="函数" class="c1" target="_blank">函数</a> <a href="/tags/898/" title="图象" class="c1" target="_blank">图象</a> 3 <a href="/tags/16/" title="课时" class="c1" target="_blank">课时</a> <a href="/tags/386/" title="性质" class="c1" target="_blank">性质</a> <a href="/tags/885/" title="函数" class="c1" target="_blank">函数</a> <a href="/tags/898/" title="图象" class="c1" target="_blank">图象</a> .5元;

27月份每千克销售价是0.5元;

31月到7月的销售价逐月 <a href="/tags/16/" title="课时" class="c1" target="_blank">课时</a> <a href="/tags/386/" title="性质" class="c1" target="_blank">性质</a> <a href="/tags/885/" title="函数" class="c1" target="_blank">函数</a> <a href="/tags/898/" title="图象" class="c1" target="_blank">图象</a> 下降;

47月到12 <a href="/tags/16/" title="课时" class="c1" target="_blank">课时</a> <a href="/tags/386/" title="性质" class="c1" target="_blank">性质</a> <a href="/tags/885/" title="函数" class="c1" target="_blank">函数</a> <a href="/tags/898/" title="图象" class="c1" target="_blank">图象</a> 月的销售价逐月上升;

 <a href="/tags/16/" title="课时" class="c1" target="_blank">课时</a> <a href="/tags/386/" title="性质" class="c1" target="_blank">性质</a> <a href="/tags/885/" title="函数" class="c1" target="_blank">函数</a> <a href="/tags/898/" title="图象" class="c1" target="_blank">图象</a> 52月与7月的销售差价是每千克3元;

67月份销售价最低,1月份销售价最高;等.

8(1 <a href="/tags/16/" title="课时" class="c1" target="_blank">课时</a> <a href="/tags/386/" title="性质" class="c1" target="_blank">性质</a> <a href="/tags/885/" title="函数" class="c1" target="_blank">函数</a> <a href="/tags/898/" title="图象" class="c1" target="_blank">图象</a> ) <a href="/tags/16/" title="课时" class="c1" target="_blank">课时</a> <a href="/tags/386/" title="性质" class="c1" target="_blank">性质</a> <a href="/tags/885/" title="函数" class="c1" target="_blank">函数</a> <a href="/tags/898/" title="图象" class="c1" target="_blank">图象</a> 当每件利润是16元时, <a href="/tags/16/" title="课时" class="c1" target="_blank">课时</a> <a href="/tags/386/" title="性质" class="c1" target="_blank">性质</a> <a href="/tags/885/" title="函数" class="c1" target="_blank">函数</a> <a href="/tags/898/" title="图象" class="c1" target="_blank">图象</a> 产品的质量档次是在第四档次.

(2) 根据题意可得

 <a href="/tags/16/" title="课时" class="c1" target="_blank">课时</a> <a href="/tags/386/" title="性质" class="c1" target="_blank">性质</a> <a href="/tags/885/" title="函数" class="c1" target="_blank">函数</a> <a href="/tags/898/" title="图象" class="c1" target="_blank">图象</a> 整理, <a href="/tags/16/" title="课时" class="c1" target="_blank">课时</a> <a href="/tags/386/" title="性质" class="c1" target="_blank">性质</a> <a href="/tags/885/" title="函数" class="c1" target="_blank">函数</a> <a href="/tags/898/" title="图象" class="c1" target="_blank">图象</a> .

当利润是1080元时, <a href="/tags/16/" title="课时" class="c1" target="_blank">课时</a> <a href="/tags/386/" title="性质" class="c1" target="_blank">性质</a> <a href="/tags/885/" title="函数" class="c1" target="_blank">函数</a> <a href="/tags/898/" title="图象" class="c1" target="_blank">图象</a> 解得 <a href="/tags/16/" title="课时" class="c1" target="_blank">课时</a> <a href="/tags/386/" title="性质" class="c1" target="_blank">性质</a> <a href="/tags/885/" title="函数" class="c1" target="_blank">函数</a> <a href="/tags/898/" title="图象" class="c1" target="_blank">图象</a>

因为 <a href="/tags/16/" title="课时" class="c1" target="_blank">课时</a> <a href="/tags/386/" title="性质" class="c1" target="_blank">性质</a> <a href="/tags/885/" title="函数" class="c1" target="_blank">函数</a> <a href="/tags/898/" title="图象" class="c1" target="_blank">图象</a> >10,不符合题意,舍去. <a href="/tags/16/" title="课时" class="c1" target="_blank">课时</a> <a href="/tags/386/" title="性质" class="c1" target="_blank">性质</a> <a href="/tags/885/" title="函数" class="c1" target="_blank">函数</a> <a href="/tags/898/" title="图象" class="c1" target="_blank">图象</a> 因此 <a href="/tags/16/" title="课时" class="c1" target="_blank">课时</a> <a href="/tags/386/" title="性质" class="c1" target="_blank">性质</a> <a href="/tags/885/" title="函数" class="c1" target="_blank">函数</a> <a href="/tags/898/" title="图象" class="c1" target="_blank">图象</a> <a href="/tags/16/" title="课时" class="c1" target="_blank">课时</a> <a href="/tags/386/" title="性质" class="c1" target="_blank">性质</a> <a href="/tags/885/" title="函数" class="c1" target="_blank">函数</a> <a href="/tags/898/" title="图象" class="c1" target="_blank">图象</a> ,

: 当生产产品的质量档次是在第5档次时,一天的总利润为1080元.